基于基因片技术的生物学问题量化和高通量的研究.docVIP

摘 要 目前，基因芯片(即生物芯片)在众多领域有着广泛的应用，如物种鉴定，病理研究，新药物开发等。美国Affymetrix公司的Lipshutz等较早地介绍了高密度寡核苷酸基因芯片的制造、检测、软件及应用，随后该公司将照相平板印刷技术、计算机、激光共聚焦扫描、固相表面合成寡核苷酸及核酸分子杂交等结合起来，研制出基因芯片。基因芯片就是高密度固定在固相支持介质上的生物信息分子的微列阵，故基因芯片分析的主要内容就是微列阵分析。基因芯片技术能够对生物学问题进行量化和高通量的研究，这是以前的技术无法完成的。读取杂交后的芯片数据要借助芯片扫描仪，如带PMT的激光共聚焦扫描仪、以CCD摄像头作传感器的普通光学扫描仪和激发光类型扫描仪哪。基因芯片数据分析是很重要的，Shah和Kambero．va对芯片的图像处理和数据分析做了全面的分析和讨论。 近年来，生物信息学的发展对生物学的发展起了巨大的推动作用。Mathworks公司推出的MATLAB7．0及以上版本为广大科研工作者提供了一个可用于生物信息分析的生物信息工具箱。它具有简单易学，操作方便而且功能强大等特点，即使不懂编程也能用它进行生物信息的分析研究。 本论文依据该软件的功能将介绍生物信息工具箱在基因序列分析、微阵列分析和系统发生分析等几个方面的应用，实现 关键词：基因芯片；生物信息工具箱；数据分析；标准化；聚类分析 ABSTRACT Currently, gene chip (biochip) in many areas have a wide range of applications, such as species identification, pathology research, new drug development. American Affymetrixs earlier introduction Lipshutz and other high-density oligonucleotide manufacturing, testing, software, and application of gene chip, then the company will photolithography technology, computers, laser confocal scanning the surface of the solid phase oligonucleotide synthesis nucleotide and nucleic acid hybridization, such as combining gene chip developed. High-density microarray is immobilized on a solid support molecule microarray bioinformatics media, so the main content is the gene chip microarray analysis analysis. Microarray technology can quantify the biological problem and studies of high-throughput technology which was previously unable to complete. Read hybridization microarray data to help chip scanner, laser, such as with PMT confocal scanner, a CCD camera sensor for ordinary optical scanners and scanner which type of excitation light. Microarray data analysis is very important, Shah and Kambero. va image processing and data analysis chip to do a comprehensive analysis and discussion. In recent years, the development of bioinformatics biology plays a huge role. Mathworks company launched MATLAB7.0 and above for the majority of scientists provides a bioinformatics toolkit for bioinformatics analysis