人教版高中英语必修五第6讲UnitLifeinthefuture语法篇.docxVIP

Unit3 Life in the future-语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________学会过去分词作状语的用法；理解过去分词作状语和现在分词作状语的区别；能够使用过去分词做状语的情况作对相关题目，灵活使用。过去分词过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当状语、定语等成分。过去分词与现在分词作状语过去分词表完成、被动，与主句主语之间是被动关系；现在分词表进行，主动，与主句主语之间是主动关系。如果一个被动的动作发生在谓语动词之前，则可使用现在分词的完成被动式或过去分词。过去分词表完成、被动，作状语时，其逻辑主语是主句的主语，且与主语之间存在着被动关系。过去分词作状语可表时间, 原因，让步，结果，方式，条件等。观察下列的句子：Once published, his works (=Once his works was published,) became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line. PP作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。过去分词作时间状语1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. =When heated, ice will be changed into water. 2. When it is seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed. =Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape. 过去分词作原因状语1. Since/ As she was given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. =Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. 2. Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. =Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. 过去分词作条件或者假设状语1. If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. =Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. 2. If I am compared with you, we still have a long way to go. =Compared with you, we still have a long way to go. 作方式或伴随情况状语The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. =The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog.2. She sat by the window, lost in thought. =She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought.lost表示一种迷失心理状态总结：1.过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等；2.过去分词作状语时，过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时，需要独立主格结构或with复合结构来替代。（此时，也可把该分词看成介词的宾语补足语。）例：The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied简析：很显然，待选部分的逻辑主语是his han