CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS植物和动物的保护.pptVIP

CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS. Our first prime minister JAWARLAL NEHRU said “life would be very dull and colourless if we did not have these magnificient plants, animals and birds to look and play with.” Introduction Plants and animals (birds) brighten our lives. There are many no. of species of plants and animals on earth from millions of years ago. In the last few hundred years they began to disappear one by one with a sickening speed due to the human activities like deforestration, over hunting, polluting of environment. What is deforestation? deforestation means clearing of forests and using that land for other purposes. Causes : Trees in the forest are cut for some of the purposes mentioned below: Procuring land for cultivation. Building houses and factories. Making furniture or using wood as fuel. Some natural causes of deforestation are fires and severe droughts. Consequences of deforestration Deforestation increases the temperature and pollution level on the earth. It increases the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Ground water level also gets lowered. Deforestation disturbs the balance in nature. If cutting of trees continues, rainfall and the fertility of the soil will decrease. Moreover, there will be increase chances of natural calamities such as floods and droughts. SOIL EROSION AND DESSERTIFICATION Deforestation is a major cause which leads to the change in soil properties. Physical properties of the soil get affected by plantation and vegetation. Fewer trees result in more SOIL EROSION Removal of the top layer of the soil exposes the lower, hard and rocky layers. This soil has less humus and is less fertile. Gradually the fertile land gets converted into deserts. It is called desertification. Deforestation also leads to a decrease in the water holding capacity of the soil. The movement of water from the soil surface into the ground (infiltration rate) is reduced. So, there are floods. T