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Dynamic Behaviour of Process Systems - Faculty过程系统的动态行为能力.ppt

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Dynamic Behaviour of Process Systems - Faculty过程系统的动态行为能力.ppt

Modelling Simulation of Chemical Engineering Systems Department of Chemical Engineering King Saud University LECTURE #8Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations MATLAB Built-In Routines for solving ODES Ode113: variable order solution to nonstiff system Ode15s: varaible order, multistep method for solution of stiff system Ode23: Lower order adaptive stepsize routine for nonstiff systems Ode23s: Lower order adaptive step size routine for stiff systems Ode45: higher order adaptive stepsize routine for nonstiff system Simultaneous ODEa Example: A coupled system of ODEs function [t,y]=RK4sys(diff,tn,h,y0) t=(0:h:tn); %column vector of elements with spacing h nt=length(t); % Number of steps neq=length(y0); % number of ODEs y=zeros(nt,neq) y(1,:)=y0(:); %assign initial conditions h2=h/2; h3=h/3; h6=h/6; k1=zeros(neq,1), k2=k1; k3=k2; k4=k1; ytemp=k1; for j=2:nt told=t(j-1); yold=y(j-1,:); k1=feval(diff,told,yold); for n=1:neq ytemp(n)=yold(n)+h2*k1(n); end k2=feval(diff,told+h2,ytemp); for n=1:neq ytemp(n)=yold(n)+h2*k2(n); end k3=feval(diff,told+h2,ytemp) for n=1:neq ytemp(n)=yold(n)+h*k3(n); end k4=feval(diff,told+h,ytemp) for n=1:neq y(j,n)=yold(n)+h6*(k1(n)+k4(n))+h3*(k2(n)+k3(n)); end end Physical Stability of dynamic systems Consider the single ODE Stability of system of ODEs Stability of system of ODES is determined based on the sign of eigenvalues of Jacobian matrix. Example: given the chemical reaction system described by (b) Stiff ODEs When the eigenvalues of the Jacobian are all of the same order: non-stiff system and problem with intergration. If lmax lmin ? stiff system lmax gives very steep profile and needs very small h. lmin very slow dynamics and need large final time so using explicit ODE solvers is time intensive. For stiff systems, implicit methods are preferred. Example of a stiff ODE van der Pol’s equation * * 501 ??? : ????? ??????? ???