Review on Nucleon Spin Structure - USTC, ICTS在核子自旋结构中的审查，信息和通信技术.pptVIP

The kinematic momentum can never be reduced to canonical momentum in any gauge and no sulution of its eigen-value equation. It is not the right momentum operator, it has never been measured in quantum physics. It is measured in classic physics. DIS “measured” quark momentum is the light-cone momentum, not the kinematical momentum. Experimental Check Energy-momentum (E-M) tensor is the starting point of various gauge invariant decomposition and extension. The popular idea is that one has the freedom to choose the form of the E-M tensor because by adding a surface term the conservation law satisfied by the E-M tensor is unchanged. The gauge invariant symmetric E-M tensor is prefered in gauge field theory and the kinematical momentum is derived from the symmetric E-M tensor. In fact the classic em E-M tensor is measurable and there is already measurement. Optical evidence For symmetric em E-M tensor, there should be no difference of the diffraction pattern for an orbital or spin polarized light beam if the total For asymmetric em E-M tensor, there should be difference of the diffraction pattern between orbital and spin polarized beams, because only for orbital polarized beam there is momentum density circular flow in the transverse plane. A detailed analysis had been given in arXiv:1211.4407[physics.class-ph] Spin is different from orbital angular momentum In 1920’s one already knew that the fundamental spin can not be related to the orbital motion. So to use the symmetric E-M tensor to express the angular momentum operator as physically is misleading even though mathematically correct. It also leads to the wrong idea that the Poynting vector is not only the energy flow but also the momentum density flow of em field. The Belinfante derivation of the symmetric E-M tensor and in turn the derived momentum and angular momentum density operators physically is misleading too. Spin half electr