直立密穗基因DEP21388的遗传分析及在杂交稻中育种利用.doc

直立密穗基因DEP2-1388的遗传分析及在杂交稻中的育种利用 胡运高1,2，郭连安2，杨国涛2，钦鹏1，范存留2，彭友林2，严维3，何航3，李仕贵1＊ 1.四川农业大学水稻研究所，成都 611130； 2.西南科技大学水稻研究所，绵阳 621010； 3.北京大学生命科学院，北京 100871 摘要：通过EMS诱变籼型重穗恢复系蜀恢498，获得一个直立穗突变体R1338。与野生型相比，突变体表现为植株变矮、穗直立、穗长变短、一次枝梗变短、着粒密度增加、穗部抗弯曲力极显著增强、籽粒增宽增厚、粒长变短。组织细胞学分析发现，穗颈节直径、纤维素含量和木质素含量在穗部抗弯曲上发挥了重要的作用。遗传分析表明该直立穗表型受一对半显性核基因DEP2控制，通过重测序以及MutMap方法定位发现，在R1338突变体中，DEP2第7外显子有一个A到G的碱基置换，导致第928个精氨酸（AGG）被置换成甘氨酸（GGG），推测R1338直立穗性状可能由DEP2中该SNP导致。用R1338、野生型与不同穗型不育系分别配组，R1338与弯曲穗不育系所配组合穗部表现半直立，且保持较高的结实率和杂种优势，与DEP1直立穗不育系配组表现为基因累加效应的直立穗。本研究还讨论了直立穗突变体R1338在杂交水稻育种中的利用价值。 关键词：水稻; 直立穗; 基因定位; 群体密度; 育种应用 Genetic analysis of dense and erect panicle 2 allele DEP2-1388 and its application in hybrid rice breeding Yungao Hu1,2, Lianan Guo2, Guotao Yang2, Peng Qin1, Cunliu Fan2, Youlin Peng2，Yan Wei3, Hang He 3, Shigui Li1 1. Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; 2. Rice Research Institute of Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China 3. College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Abstracts: Using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis, we isolated an erect panicle mutant, R1338, from indica heavy-panicle restorer Shuhui498. Compared with wild type control, the mutant displayed dwarfism, erect and short panicle, short primary panicle branch, increased grain density, short grain length and increased grain thickness. In addition, the erect panicle architecture of R1388 resulted in significant decreased bending moment and increased resistance to panicle bending. Histocytological analysis indicated that the diameter of uppermost internode, cellulose content and lignin content play important roles in resistance to panicle bending. Genetic analysis revealed that the mutant phenotype was controlled by a semi-dominant nuclear gene. With resequencing and MutMap analysis strategy, we found that one SNP from A to G at the seventh exon of DEP2 resulted in the 928th amino acid substitution from arginine (AGG) to glyc