Peer Interactions, Relationships and Groups同侪互动，人际关系和群体.pptVIP

Peer Interactions, Relationships and Groups Susan Brockmeyer November 4, 2004 (Use of these slides requires the information contained in the attached notes below each slide) Overview Defining what Peer Relationships, Interactions and Groups are the study of How each changes from infancy through adolescence Other influencing factors to consider Development of Social Skills Development of Social Competence Parenting Influences What is the Study of Peer Interactions the Study of? Interactions- the interweaving of behaviors of two individuals into a social exchange of some duration An interaction often occurs between two people who are of influence to one another Researchers are focused on the origins and consequences of: moving toward others moving against others moving away from others Children vary behavioral interactions depending on several things What is the Study of Peer Relationships the Study of? Relationships- a succession of interactions between two individuals known to each other, who have a history of interaction In children’s peer relationships the type of relationship most commonly studied is the dyadic friendship. Since these individuals are known to each other the nature and course of each interaction are influenced by: the history of past interactions their expectations for interactions in the future Relationships Have More Than One Facet The degree of closeness of a relationship is determined by: the frequency and strength of influence the diversity of influence across different behaviors the length of time the relationship has endured How do we define social interactions as a relationship? By the predominant emotions associated with them: affection love attachment level of commitment (Hinde, 1979) What is the study of Peer Groups the study of? Groups- a collection of interacting individuals who have some degree of reciprocal influence over one another (Hinde, 1979). Group Properties: Cohesiveness Hierarchy Heterogeneity