橡胶软化油技术资料.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * Solvent processing for lube base oils has been around since the 1930s -- and not surprisingly uses “solvents” to achieve the goal of making a lube base oil. In the first step, a solvent is used to separate (or extract) the aromatic compounds naturally occurring in crude oil from the paraffinic molecules which make good lubricants--that is, paraffins have higher saturates and better viscosity characteristics than aromatics. The aromatics, which are extracted are then sent as by-product to fuels units for upgrading to gasoline. Sulfur is actually a good thing to have in lube base oil - it is an anti-oxidant. However, it has bad friends -- sulfur in crude oil is usually embedded in a molecule with other undesirable characteristics (“polars” which create deposits), so we remove it.] Finally, for the base oil to flow at cold temperatures [less than room temperature], the wax which is naturally occurring in crudes must be removed. The oil is chilled so that the wax becomes solid while the oil remains liquid, and then a solvent [MEK, MIBK, MEK/MIBK; propane, butane, or C3/C4 Combo] is used to get more oil out of the wax. Some manufacturers send the wax to cracking for upgrading to gasoline. Others sell part of this semi-soft wax called “slack wax” (old industry term) for use in fire logs, particle board, (jar) candles, or use as a feedstock. Finally, if someone has made an investment to remove the final amounts of oil from wax and improve its color, hard, white wax (finished wax) can be produced. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3. 結構分析法 Carbon–Type Analysis 碳環分析 Ca 芳香烴 Cn 環烷烴 Cp 石臘烴 %wt. Clay–Gel Analysis 白土硅膠分析 Asphaltenes: 柏油份 Polar Compounds 極性化合物 Aromatics 芳香烴 Saturates 飽和烴 %wt. (B) Properties of P/O 橡膠軟化油性狀 Carbon–Type Analysis 碳環分析 (B) Properties of P/O 橡膠軟化油性狀 Clay–Gel Analysis 白土硅膠分析 橡膠軟化油 ＋正戊烷→ 不溶分 （柏油性化合物 Asphaltenes） 可溶分→ 白土處理 → 吸收分 （極性化合物polar compou