纳米TiO2改性PVDF滤膜的制备及性能评价1.docVIP

本科毕业设计（论文） 题 目 纳米TiO2改性PVDF超滤膜 学生姓名 学　号 教学院系 化学化工学院 专业年级 化学2010级 指导教师 职　称 副教授 单　　位 西南石油大学 完成日期 2014 年 6 月 10 日 Southwest Petroleum University Graduation Thesis Thereparation of Nano-TiO2 Modified PVDF Ultrafiltration Membrane and It’s Performance Evaluation Grade: 2010 Name: Lin Jing Speciality: Chemistry Instructor: Yu Zongxue School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2014-6-10 摘要 聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)以其优良的物理化学性能，成为超滤膜制备的优选材料。但PVDF存在亲水性能弱、抗污染性差等缺点，从而限制了其在污水处理领域的应用范围。对膜材料进行改性是解决膜污染问题的根本途径。本课题采用L-S相转化法流延工艺，成功制备出了无机改性有机高分子TiO2/PVDF平板超滤膜。采用超滤杯测试了超滤膜改性前后的纯水膜通量和截留率；用傅立叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)考察了纳米粒子的添加情况；采用扫描电镜(SEM)分析了膜表面、断面和内部的形貌以及成孔情况；用接触角测量仪和强度测定仪分别探究了膜的亲水性能和机械性能。实验结果表明：最佳的铸膜液配比为PVDF(16wt.%)+ PVP(2wt.%)+DMAc(82wt.%)；通过纳米TiO2改性后，膜的亲水性、抗污染性和机械性能均得到了显著提高，且改性膜在纳米TiO2添加比例为2%时综合性能最佳。与原膜相比，此时膜的纯水通量由61.9L/(m2h)上升到224.5L/(m2h)，水接触角从69.4°下降45.2°，截留率达到了9%，污染率由39.6%下降至6.7%。无机纳米TiO2粒子成功附着在膜表面，提高了膜综合性能，这为今后增强PVDF超滤膜抗污染性研究提供 关键词：纳米TiO2，聚偏氟乙烯，超滤膜，水通量，亲水性Abstract Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has become the preferred material to prepare ultrafiltration membrane with its excellent physical and chemical properties.But PVDF membrane has weakly hydrophilic propertiespoor anti-pollution and other shortcomings,which limits their application in the field of wastewater treatment.The modification of membrane materials is the fundamental way to solve the problem of membrane fouling.This research used L-S phase inversion casting technology,and prepared organic polymer TiO2/PVDF flat ultrafiltration membrane with inorganic modification successfully.The water flux and the interception rate of membrane before and after modification have been tested by ultrafiltration-cup;Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) has been used to observe the situation of adding nano-particles;Scanning electron microscope(SEM) have been used to analyze the membranes surface cross-section morphology and membrane internal pore structure; The hydrophilic property and mechanical performance of mem