大学英语网络课程课题组.pptxVIP

New Century English, Book IUNIT FIVE Winning at All CostsUnit 5Text Grammar Tips Reading SkillsPractical ReadingPractical WritingUnit 5 Text Background InformationLead InWord BankIntensive StudyWeb ResourcesBackground InformationThe Illegal Use of DrugsThe Olympic GamesBen JohnsonTommy SimpsonBackground InformationThe Illegal Use of Drugs The improper and illegal use of drugs and substances such as steroids for the temporary enhancement of athletic performance in competitions has been a subject of inquiry since the 1960s, when drug misuse by athletes to gain unfair advantages rose dramatically. Anabolic steroids not only enhance strength and endurance but also produce harmful side effects such as liver damage. Tests for narcotic analgesics and stimulants such as the amphetamines were introduced at the Olympic Games in 1968. Anabolic steroids were not banned until 1974, when a suitable test was developed. Controversy has also focused on the legality of blood doping, in which an athlete receives a blood transfusion just before an event. The resulting increase in red blood cells apparently enhances the athlete’s aerobic power.Background Information The Olympic Games The Olympic Games is an international sports competition, held every four years at a different site, in which athletes from different nations compete against each other in a variety of sports. There are two types of Olympics, the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics. Through 1992 they were held in the same year, but beginning in 1994 they were rescheduled so that they are held in alternate even-numbered years. For example, the Winter Olympics were held in 1994 and the Summer Olympics in 1996. The Winter Olympics were then scheduled for 1998 and the Summer Olympics for 2000.Background Information Ben Johnson Ben Johnson was a Canadian track athlete, whose record-breaking performances in the 100m race were overshadowed by his use of steroids. In Toronto Johnson began running in track events and eve