口腔解剖生理学之国外PPT-下颌第三磨牙.pptVIP

DESCRIPTIVE ANATOMY OF MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLAR Prof. A. Elsahn Initial calcification 8 – 10 years Completion of crown 12 – 16 years Eruption 17 – 21 years Completion of roots 18 – 25 years Prof. A. Elsahn CHRONOLOGY The lower third molar is the last tooth in the dental arch and the eighth from the middle line. Prof. A. Elsahn GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS It is the shortest of the mandibular teeth. 2 1 5 3 4 6 7 8 It shows variations in size, form, number of cusps and number and form of roots. Prof. A. Elsahn GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS This tooth is a very variable tooth, but less so than upper third molar. The crown of this tooth in most cases resembles that of the lower second molars in the number of cusps (four cusps) and sometimes resembles the crown of the lower first molar (five cusps) or it may bear little resemblance to either. Prof. A. Elsahn GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS In many cases, it is larger than the lower second molar. Prof. A. Elsahn GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS The third molar may be small or large. THE CROWN The mesial and distal outlines of the crown are generally as those of all lower molars. Prof. A. Elsahn BUCCAL ASPECT The distal outline is markedly convex. M D The crest of contour mesially and distally is located a little more than half the distance from cervical line to cusp tips. Prof. A. Elsahn BUCCAL ASPECT THE CROWN The crown is wider at the contact area mesio-distally than at the cervix. D M In the four-cusp type; the molar is small and shows two buccal cusps only. Prof. A. Elsahn BUCCAL ASPECT THE CROWN The buccal cusps are short and rounded. The mesio-buccal cusp is the widest and usually highest of the two or three buccal cusps. Prof. A. Elsahn BUCCAL ASPECT THE CROWN The buccal surface is very convex. THE ROOTS This molar usually show two roots, one mesial and one distal. Prof. A. Elsahn BUCCAL ASPECT M D The root to crown ratio is smaller than that of first and second molar (1.6 to 1 compared to 1.8 to 1). Prof. A. Elsahn BUCCAL ASPE