N-ISDN分组帧交换ATMX25FrameRelay专线DDN互联实例1.PPT

协议实例2——PPP 点到点协议（Point-to-Point Protocol）是因特网的数据链路层标准 主要用于： 电话拨号接入因特网 专线接入因特网 用户路由器与ISP路由器之间的连接 路由器或 访问服务器 Modem Modem ISP PPP链路 因特网 PPP实现的内容包括： 封装IP数据报的方法 可用于同步传输或异步传输 同步传输时采用位填充实现透明性传输 填充方法与HDLC相同（遇到5个1就填充1个0） 异步传输时采用字符填充实现透明性传输 如7EH→7DH, 5EH；7DH→7DH, 5DH(RFC1662) 链路控制协议LCP (RFC1661) 用来在数据链路建立时协商数据链路协议的选项 网络控制协议NCP 配合特定网络层操作的协议，不同的网络层协议有不同的NCP协议相对应 对异步传输，帧格式类似于HDLC，但数据以字节为单位。 F：=7Eh A：=FFh C：=03h 协议：指明数据字段的协议类型：IP、IPX、AppleTalk... 数据：IP数据报、IPX数据报等 F =7E 数据 检查和 FCS 协议 PPP的帧结构 1 1 1 2 0 - n 2 1 字节 A =FF C =03 F =7E 由最大传输单元参数MTU决定，一般为1500字节 PPP协议的状态图 PPP的特点： 支持差错检测，但不提供差错恢复。因此PPP提供的是不可靠的服务。 支持多种协议(IP, IPX, AppleTalk, LCP等) PPP最重要的特点在于它的协商机制，它允许在连接时协商各种参数以适应不同的应用环境 动态分配IP地址 有效载荷大小 使用的上层协议 头部压缩(是否省略A、C字段) 其他 允许身份验证 Introduction to Computer Communications and Networks Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University Local Area Networks 1-* Communications network that serves users within a confined area is known as a Local Area Network (LAN). Computers (server and workstations) are normally distributed around a single office or building, including and network device like hub, bridge or router. Messages are transmitted in LAN as a series of packet with high data rate (small propagation delay). The packets may be fixed or variable length. Most LANs have broadcast capability. Introduction to Computer Communications and Networks Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University Local Area Networks 1-* The topology of a network defines the structure of its logiacal layout. There are three main categories of LAN topologies: bus/tree, star and ring. Introduction to Computer Communications and Networks Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University Local Area Networks 1-* Introduction to Computer Communications and Networks Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart Univer