耶鲁大学地理课件Models of Kinetically Controlled FluidRock Interaction in Earths Crust.ppt

Models of Kinetically Controlled Fluid/Rock Interaction in Earths Crust Edward W. Bolton, Danny M. Rye, Jay J. Ague Yale University Collaboration with: Andreas Luttge, Rice University; Robert Berner, Yale; Sumit Chakraborty, U. Bochum, Germany Funding: DOE-BES Outline - modeling and field studies as a function of depth in the crust Surface weathering models Black Shale weathering Archean high temperature scenario Convection in quartz sandstones Isotopic changes in limestones and shales - Conasauga Hydrothermal + Contact metamorphism CO2 release from siliceous dolomites Deep crustal fluid flow - pervasive, fracture, or flow along lithologic contacts Garnet morphologies Trace element and isotopic exchange Themes: Pervasive vs. fractured flow transitions Influence of kinetics Fluid flow in low-permeability rocks Grain Models - allow fully dynamic porosity, permeability and surface area Black shale - Organic matter platelets Quartz sandstone - partially occluded spheres Cubic grain models More general Grain model parameters for fluid flow and mineral reaction kinetics: Grain volumes, spacing, porosity, surface areas, fluid gap spacing, and the permeability - for cubic grain model Grain volume fraction for mineral m. Nucleation density and grain spacing Porosity for the fluid saturated case Surface areas compared to fluid volume: Fluid gap spacing estimate Permeability (m2) Long-term atmospheric oxygen evolution; Burial and oxidation of organic matter - the main controlling factor: Is there an erosion rate link? Weathering of organic matter (OM) consumes oxygen: cf. Berner and Canfield (1989) Also, pyrite oxidation consumes oxygen and may play a role in controlling pH, faster reactions Understanding of black shale weathering Address the debate: Lasaga and Ohmoto (2002); Holland (2003); Ohmoto (2003) Our initial model: gas diffusion and reaction Future: multiphase, multispecies reactive transport Non-oxidized organic matter eroding at surfac