核电英语365 外审修改稿 2010-07-.doc

第1课 NUCLEAR POWER DEVELOPMENT 核电发展 New Words and Phrases event of epochal significance 划时代意义的事件 self-sustaining nuclear fission chain 自持核裂变链 nuclear test 核试验 Experimental Breeder Reactor( EBR) 实验增殖堆 nuclear energy 核能 nuclear power 核电 nuclear fission 核裂变 prototype 原型 nuclear reactor 核反应堆 nuclear submarine 核潜艇 go critical 达临界 start (commence) sea trials 开始试航 power operation 功率运行 atomic bomb 原子弹 hydrogen bomb 氢弹 nuclear power plant 核电厂 go into operation 投入运行 be put into operation 投入运行 nuclear powered icebreaker 核动力破冰船 air-cooled graphite-moderated reactor 空气冷却石墨慢化反应堆 plutonium 钚 nuclear power unit 核电机组 Heavy Water Research Reactor (HWRR) 重水研究堆 commercial operation 商业运行 China Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR) 中国快中子实验堆 Long and Medium Term Development Plan 中长期发展规划 actively boosting nuclear power construction 积极推进核电建设 A. In the World The discovery of nuclear fission in 1939 was an event of epochal significance because it opened up the prospect of an entirely new source of power. The world’s first self-sustaining nuclear fission chain was realized in the United States at the University of Chicago (CP-1) on December 2, 1942 (Fig.1-1). Fig.1-1 First Nuclear Reactor in The World 世界第一座核反应堆 On July 16, 1945, in the desert near Alamogordo, New Mexico, the US successfully conducted the worlds first nuclear test. In December 1951 the Experimental Breeder Reactor (EBR-1) in the United States achieved the first generation of electricity from nuclear energy (Fig.1-2). Fig.1-2 First City in The World Lit by Nuclear Energy 世界上第一次用核能点灯的地方 A prototype of the submarine reactor，called STR Mark 1(Fig.1-3)，started operation at Arco, Idaho, in March 1953 and the U.S.S. Nautilus, the first nuclear powered submarine, commenced its sea trials in January 1955 (Fig.1-4). Fig.1-3 How STR Mark 1 Works 潜艇陆上模式堆（STR 1号）工作原理图 图1-3中：1-control rod控制棒； 2-steam generator蒸汽发生器； 3-steam蒸汽； 4-reactor 反应堆； 5-shielding 屏蔽； 6-pump泵；7-turbine 汽轮机；8-gears 齿轮箱；9-propeller推进器；10-condense