生鲜农产品的二元构论.docVIP

农产品“二元结构”论 ——论超市发展对农业和食品安全的影响 中国农业科学院农业经济研究所 胡定寰( On Binary Structure of Agrifood --Impact of Supermarket Development on Agricultural Sector and Agrifood safety in China— Dinghuan Hu Institute of Agricultural Economics, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 内容提要：农产品安全越来越受到各方面的重视。然而，在这方面，中国面临着不断增长的对安全、优质农产品的市场和出口需求同大量的分散的无组织的小规模家庭生产的矛盾。如果不能有效地把分散在千家万户的农产品生产组织起来，在技术上进行辅导，在生产过程中加以监督，他们显然难以大量地、持续稳定地供应安全、优质农产品。超市的迅速发展为中国生产安全、优质农产品创造了有利的、无可替代的客观条件。社会和政府部门对超市供应链的管理和监督成本远远低于对传统的农贸市场和批发市场的管理和监督成本。因此，中国可以采用“超市＋龙头企业（农产品供应商）＋农户”的模式，引导千家万户的小规模农户进入超市供应链，加快在普及安全、优质农产品的步伐。 关键词：超市 农产品安全 小规模农户 农产品供应链 农业产业化 Abstract Food safety is attracting more and more attention by sectors of various kinds. However, the contradiction faced by China is the continuous growing safety and quality agrifood market and export demand together with large volumes of distributed and un-organized small-scale rural household production. If we cannot effectively organize agrifood production of distributed rural households, provide technical guidance, and exercise supervision during the production process, it is obvious that it is difficult to supply safety and quality agrifoods in large volumes, sustainably and steadily. In the first place, this study has put forward the fact that the rapid development of supermarket in China has created favorable and irreplaceable objective conditions for safety and quality agrifood production in China. The management and supervision costs over supermarket supply chain by the society and government departments are much lower than those in traditional country fairs and wholesale markets. We can adopt the model of “supermarket + leading enterprises (agrifood suppliers) + rural households”, to guide thousands of small-scale rural households to access to supermarket supply chains so as to speed up the pace of the popularization of safety and quality agrifoods. Key words: supermarkets; food safety; small-scale farmers; agrifood supply chain; integration