现代汉语中的形词谓语句.pdfVIP

－1－ －2－ 现代汉语中的形容词谓语句 内 容 提 要 本文对现代汉语中存在的各类形容词谓语句进行了较为全面 的考察。文章分为三个部分：前面两个部分从动态和静态两个角 度对形容词谓语句的各种结构类型进行了细致的描写和分析，目 的在于找出不同结构形式下隐藏的共同的语义特征。第三部分是 在前两部分描写的基础上总结出形容词谓语句的标记类型，并从 认知和功能的角度给予解释。结论是汉语中的形容词谓语句的主 要功能是表示某一事物具有某一性质。性质和程度总是密不可分 的，性质的程度义必须在句子中有所反映，这就需要借助于形式 的帮助。表示程度的形式不同，从而构成了不同类型的形容词谓 语句。这些形式的最终目的都是给形容词定量，以满足整个句子 语义和功能上的需要。 关键词：形容词；程度；标记 －3－ Adjective-predicated Sentences in Modern Chinese Abstract This paper makes an investigation of all sorts of adjective-predicated sentences in Modern Chinese. It includes three parts: the two former parts make a careful description and analysis on the adjective -predicated sentences from the aspects of dynamic state and static state so that we can find out the common semantic features hidden under different structural forms. The third part summarizes their marker types and gives an explanation from the cognitive and functional aspects. The conclusion is that the main function of adjective-predicated sentences is to indicate some object has some quality, that quality is quite close to degree, and that degree of quality must be reflected in sentences which should appeal to forms. Different forms result in different types. The ultimate aim of these forms is to determine the quantities of adjectives in order to meet the sentences’ semantic and functional needs. Key words: adjective; degree; marker 目 录 §0 引 言1 §1 静态形容词谓语句2 1.1 性质形容词谓语句2 1.1.1 单个性质形容词做谓语的形谓句2 1.1.2 状中短语做谓语的形谓句4 1.1.3 形补短语做谓语的形谓句14 1.1.4 联合短语做谓语的形谓句17 1.2 状态形容词谓语句18 1.2.1 “冰凉”类形容词做谓语的形谓句18