126 Light and Atomic Spectra126的光与原子光谱.pptVIP

12.6 Light and Atomic Spectra The quantum mechanical model of the atom grew out of the study of light. Isaac Newton (1642-1727) thought of light as consisting of particles. By the 1900’s scientists thought of light as a wave. We now know that light has properties of both waves and particles. 12.6 Light and Atomic Spectra In the wave model, light is considered to consist of electromagnetic waves that travel at a speed of 3.0 x 108 m/s (186,000 mi/s). electromagnet radiation – includes radio waves, microwaves, visible light, infrared and ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays. 12.6 Light and Atomic Spectra amplitude – the height of the wave from the origin to the crest. wavelength(λ, lamda) – the distance between the crests frequency(ν, nu) – the number of wave cycles to pass a given point per unit of time 12.6 Light and Atomic Spectra The speed of light (c) in a vacuum is constant and is equal to frequency (ν) multiplied by wavelength (λ). Equation: c = ν λ This equation can be rewritten as follows: ν = or λ = Note: speed of light = c (must be in m/s) frequency = ν (must be in reciprocal seconds (s-1) or hertz, Hz) wavelength = λ (must be in m) 12.6 Light and Atomic Spectra Wavelength and frequency have an inverse relationship. This means when the value of one increases the value of the other one decreases. As wavelength increases, frequency decreases As wavelength decreases, frequency increases 12.6 Light and Atomic Spectra Light refers to a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum that our eyes can see Sunlight consists of light with a continuous range of wavelengths and frequencies When sunlight passes through a prism, the light separates into a spectrum of colors 12.6 Light and Atomic Spectra Each color in the spectrum (ROYGBIV) blends into the next. In the visible spectrum, red light has the longest wavelength and lowest frequency; violet light has the shortest wave length and highest frequency. 12.6 Light and Atom