QualitativeSpatial-TemporalReasoning-AustralianNational定性空间推理-澳大利亚国家.pptVIP

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QualitativeSpatial-TemporalReasoning-AustralianNational定性空间推理-澳大利亚国家.ppt

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QualitativeSpatial-TemporalReasoning-AustralianNational定性空间推理-澳大利亚国家

Qualitative Spatial-Temporal Reasoning Jason J. Li Advanced Topics in A.I. The Australian National University Spatial-Temporal Reasoning Space is ubiquitous in intelligent systems We wish to reason, make predictions, and plan for events in space Modelling space is similar to modelling time. Quantitative Approaches Spatial-temporal configurations can be described by specifying coordinates: At 10am object A is at position (1,0,1), at 11am it is at (1,2,2) From 9am to 11am, object B is at (1,2,2) At 11am object C is at (13,10,12), and at 1pm it is at (12,11,12) A Qualitative Perspective Often, a qualitative description is more adequate Object A collided with object B, then object C appeared Object C was not near the collision between A and B when it took place Qualitative Representations Uses a finite vocabulary A finite set of relations Efficient when precise information is not available or not necessary Handles well with uncertainty Uncertainty represented by disjunction of relations Qualitative vs. Fuzzy Fuzzy representations take approximations of real values Qualitative representations make only as much distinctions as necessary This ensures the soundness of composition Qualitative Spatial-Temporal Reasoning Represent space and time in a qualitative manner Reasoning using a constraint calculus with infinite domains Space and time is continuous Trinity of a Qualitative Calculus Algebra of relations Domain Weak-Representation Algebra of Relations Formally, it’s called Nonassociatve Algebra Relation Algebra is a subset of such algebras that its composition is associative It prescribes the constraints between elements in the domain by the relationship between them. Algebra of Relations It usually has these operations: Composition: If A is related to B, B is related to C, what is A to C Converse: If A is related to B, what is B’s relation to A Intersection/union: Defined set-theoretically Complement: A is not related to B by Rel_A, then what is the relation? Exa