高三英语第1轮复习.docVIP

高三英语第一轮复习语法专题（三）非谓语动词复习内容：非谓语动词（to do, v-ing, done）复习目标：复习本专题，明白非谓语动词to do, v-ing, done 的基本用法，掌握基本规律，探究高考考点，提升应考能力。考点归纳 夯实基础Ⅰ. 非谓语动词的定义，性质及结构顾名思义，非谓语动词就是不能作谓语的动词。包括：不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词。性质：它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，即除谓语以外一切成分不定式的构成不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成，在某些情况下to也可省略。不定式一般有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表中的几种形式（以do为例）：?主动式被动式一般式to doto be done完成式to have doneto have been done进行式to be doing/完成进行式to have been doing/2. v-ing形式??? v-ing形式是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成, 同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）：?主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeing done完成式having doneHaving been done被动式： being done 表示一个现在进行的动作。1. The building being repaired is our library.2. The question being discussed is very important.3. As we approached the village, we saw new houses being put up.完成式：having done 所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。1. Having turned off the radio, he began to go over his lessons.2. Not having received his father’s letter, he decided to make a call to him.3.过去分词动词的-ed分词即过去分词，是由动词的过去分词构成，一般只有一种形式done。Ⅱ. 高考中常见的非谓语动词考点一、非谓语动词做状语1. 不定式作状语1）不定式表目的 I went to the bank to draw some money.注意：不定式表目的时，可用in order to do, in order that, so as to do. so as to do不用于句首。In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving to make their products more competitive.The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.2). 不定式表原因: 主语+系动词+形容词+不定式I am very glad to see you.I am so sorry to hear that.3).不定式表结果She is too tired to do the job.She went home, only to find that she had left her purse in the office.4). can not/never…too 结构可表“再怎么……也不为过”You can never be too careful to cross the street.I can’t agree with you any more.We will never think too highly of him.2. V-ing（doing）作状语V-ing作状语,相当于一个表原因,时间,方式,条件,结果,伴随等的状语从句.①Being ill ,she can’t go to work today. 原因②While watching TV, she fell asleep. 时间③They lay on the grass, looking at the sky.伴随 ④Seeing from space, we find the earth a blue water ball条件. ⑤Bob died in an accident, leaving his wife and 3 kids in the world.结果 ⑥By comparing prices and offers, you can