正式与非正式英语的一些表达形式.docVIP

正式和非正式英语的一些表达形式状语 1) 时间，原因和条件状语可以用非谓语动词的形式，也可以用状语从句的形式，一般的说，非谓语动词形式比状语从句形式正式。 Being (As he was) a farmer, he had to get up early. Weather permitting (If weather permits), we shall go. 2)方式和程度状语可用介词短语，也可以用副词表示，一般说，介词短语比副词正式。 He spoke in a confident way / with confidence. (confidently) 3) 英语中用一些副词有两种形式，一种是-ly形式，一种是同形容词的形式相同，一般说，前者比后者正式。 Ill get back as quickly (quick) as I can. He read loudly (loud). I guessed rightly (right). 4) 让步状语从句 `how (who, when, what) ever 的形式比 no matter how (who, when, what) 的形式正式。 However (No matter how) difficult the work may be, I shall finish it. 代词 I. 关系代词 1) 定语从句中作宾语的关系词`Whom 比 `who正式。 He is the person whom (who) I met the other day. 2) 在定语从句中作主语和宾语的关系词`Who `whom and `which比 `that 正式。He is the person who (that) is well-known all over the country. This is the book which (that) I bought yesterday. I know the person whom (that) you spoke to. 3) 指时间和地点的从句 `Prep + which 比 `when and `where 从句正式。 This is the place in which (where ) I worked. That is the day on which (when) I came. II. 人称代词 1) 通常在比较级中主格比宾格正式。 He is taller than I (me). Who is there ? It is I.(me) 2) 在动名词前，所属格比主格正式。 Do you mind my (me) smoking? I am surprised at his (him) making that mistake. 3) 单数人称代词比复数正式。 Everyone should do his (their) duty. Give me (us) a kiss, darling. Everyone thinks he knows (they know) the answer. 4) 指作者本人用 `We 比 `I 正式。 As we (I) showed in Chapter One, it is not an easy question. 5) 泛指人时，`One 比 `you 正式。 One (You) never knows what may happen. 6) 在复合句中，主句和从句中的主语出现名词和代词时，主句中用名词比用人称代词正式。 The plane took off as soon as it had refueled.  (It took off as soon as the plane had refueled.) III. 指示代词 1) 当`This 和 `that都是后指时，that 比 `this 正式。 That (This) is what I thought. 2.)`that / those 作为先行词比名词正式。 Those flowers are better than those which (the flowers) we planted last year. 主谓一致 1) 单数比复数正式。 None / Neither of them has (have) arrived yet. 2) 复数比单数正式。 If I were (was) you I would do that. Neither his wife nor his child have (has) arrived. 