Lecture 1-基本句型.pptVIP

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Lecture 1-基本句型

Lecture 1-基本句型 --by Yvonne October 19, 2011 1. SV (主语+谓语) The moon rose. Who cares ? 2. SVP (主语+系语+表语) I am a student. The dish smells good. 3.SVO(主语+谓语+宾语) She knows the answer. I like reading. 4. SVo O(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语) He gave me a gift. 5. SVOC(主语+谓语+宾语+宾补) We elected him our monitor. They painted the door white. 系动词 亦称连系动词(Link Verb)。作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,亦称补语(形容词),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 状态系动词 可用来表示主语性质或状态,只有be一词,例如:   He is a teacher. (表示主语的身份--性质)   He is ill. (表示主语的状态) 持续系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:   He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。   This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。 表像系动词 用来表示看起来像这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如:   He looks tired. 他看起来很累。   He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。 感官系动词  感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:   This kind of cloth feels very soft.   这种布手感很软。   This flower smells very sweet.   这朵花闻起来很香。 变化系动词  这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.   He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。   She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。 终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达证实,变成之意,例如:   The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。   The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。   His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了 关于连系动词后接不定式 1、连系动词 be 后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语:   1).My dream is to be a scientist. 我的梦想是当一名科学家。   2).All you have to do is to listen. 你只需要听。    2、seem, appear, prove, turn out, grow 等连系动词后也可接不定式(尤其是 to be)短语作表语:   1).The man seemed to be ill.   2).The plan proved to be useful.   3).He appears to know this.   4).The weather turned out to be fine.    若所接不定式为to be,通常可以省略to be sound, smell, feel, taste, become ,look等连系动词后通常不能接不定式:(也可以理解为用主动表被动)   误:These oranges taste to be good. (应去掉 to be)   误:The roses smell to be nice. (应去掉 to be) Exercise: 1.My new work keeps me busy every day. 2.The manager just needs time and

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