激光与生命科学课件.pptVIP

激光与生命科学;激光的发展历史;激光是20世纪最重大的发明之一;2003－2007年全球激光市场的销售收入;1917 Einsteins treatment of stimulated emission. 1951 Development of the maser by C.H. Townes. The maser is basically the same idea as the laser, only it works at microwave frequencies. 1958 Proposal by C.H. Townes and A.L. Schawlow that the maser concept could be extended to optical frequencies. 1960 T.H. Maiman at Hughes Laboratories reports the first laser: the pulsed ruby laser. 1961 The first continuous wave laser is reported (the helium neon laser). ;;最近十年中，激光六次为诺贝尔奖增添光辉;2001 Eric A. Cornell, Wolfgan Ketterle, carl E. Wieman , for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates 2002 John B. Fenn , Koichi Tanaka , for their development of soft desorption ionisation methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules“, Kurt Wüthrich “for his development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution 2005 The prize is being awarded with one half to: ROY J. GLAUBER for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence and one half jointly to JOHN L. HALL and THEODOR W. H?NSCH for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique ;The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle ;诺贝尔奖得主在浙江大学物理系作报告;激光的基本原理;2、粒子说——最早由笛卡儿建立并得到牛顿的支持。 该学说认为光是从光源发出的一种物质粒子，在均匀的媒质中以一定的速度传播。后来，被爱因斯坦的光电效应所证实。 ;光的波粒二象性;光子的能量 E＝h? 其中普朗克常数h＝6.626196?10-34J·s 德布罗依波 ?＝h/p 频谱关系 ?＝c/?;激光的波长已覆盖从远红外到 x 光;LASER - Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation Light is produced by the transition of electrons between energy levels in an atom Electrons occupy discrete orbits around the