察情观态析情态.doc

“察情观态”析情态?［知识点与例析］在解情态动词的题型时，从宏观上应先学习情态动词的共同特点：没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形（不带to），不能单独做谓语，可直接提前或加not构成疑问句、否定句等等，这对解题相当重要。情态动词，以笔者之见，“情”即察情况（依据情景、语境），“态”即观态度（依据说话人的语气态度）来选用，故提出“察情观态”用情态。现结合一些例题分析如下：1.分清同辈(级)、上下辈（级）、法规制度及造成不良后果等情景来选用“情态动词”。例如：1.Johny, you ___play with the knife, you_____hurt yourself.?A. won’t; can’t????? B. mustn’t; may?C. shouldn’t; must??? D. can’t; shouldn’t2.“You_______ smoke in the bedroom,”Rose said to her husband and sent him going out of the room with a smile.3. “You_____ smoke from now on”,Smith shouted at his son, who was only fifteen.4.Cars________be parked in front of the entrance.5.You_____drive fast, there is a speed limit here.6.We_______drive fast, we have plenty of time(2-6)共同选项 A. mustn’t??? B. won’t C. needn’t??? D. may not分析:1.B强调会造成不良后果(hurt),故“禁止玩小刀”.2.D同辈(夫妻间)和气地(with a smile)提出劝说要求,选用 may not,语气委婉。3-5.A上下辈(级)间、布告、法规的制度等选用mustn’t。6、C强调不必要。2、分清对现在、将来及过去等时间的推测来选用“情态动词”。例如：7.Mr.Smith hasn’t come here yet.___ he have missed the train?? A. Must??? B. Can??? C. Should??? D. May8.A:Where’s our English teacher?B:She ______ in the teacher’s office.? A. must have been?? B. may have been? C. must be????????? D. should have been9. He_______ boating in Westlake next Sunday.? A. may have gone?? B. must have gone? C. would go??????? D. may go分析:7.B情态动词+不定式完成体,表示对过去情况的猜测.8.C,9.D,must和may之后如果接原形动词,则表示对现在或将来的可能情况作出猜测或想象。3.分清做过的(该做的)与未做的(不该做的)等语境来选用“情态动词” 。例如：10.You_____ a long essay. The teacher only asked for 300 words, and you have written 1000.? A. must have written????? B. needn’t have written? C. didn’t have to write? D. didn’t need to write11. We went on foot, but we_____ by bus.? A. should go????????? B. should not have gone? C. ought have gone??? D. should have gone分析:10.D表示不必做的却做了。11.D该做的却没有做。4.分清主观与客观情况来选用”情态动词”.例如:12. I don’t like this recorder. I____ buy a new one.13.This recorder doesn’t work now. I____buy a new one.? A. can? B. have to?? C. must??? D.may分析：12.C是从说话者角度说明主观的看法.13.B have to 表示客观的需要。5.分清陈述能力与许可等语气来选用“情态动词”。例如：14. --Will you stay f