《下肢静脉曲张医学》ppt课件.ppt

Radio frequency closure(radiofrequency ablation ) the surgeon inserts a catheter into the varicose vein through a small puncture. The catheter is used to deliver radio frequency energy to the wall of the vein, which causes the vein to contract and seal itself shut. The nearby veins then take over the flow of venous blood from the legs. Complications: bruising, burns, paraesthesia, clinical phlebitis, slightly higher rates of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism Radio frequency closure 胆道疾病病人护理化工企业本质安全理论实践及方法内科护理学呼吸系统总论概论脾胃病常见症状及治疗经验偏瘫截瘫康复训练手册偏执性精神障碍品管圈实践 Varicose vein of Lower Limb 承德卫生学校 外科教研室　李树东 Varicosity Varicose veins are common Location: ●varicocele ●esophageal varices ●hemorrhoids ●leg varices Varicosity of lower limb 是指下肢浅静脉，因血液回流障碍而引起的静脉扩张和迂曲为主要表现的一种疾病。 great saphenous vein Anatomy and pathophysiology There are two venous systems in the legs: ◆deep veins ◆superficial veins ◆perforating veins Perforating veins Vein valves In the normal situation, valves in the vein wall keep blood flowing toward the heart (green arrows). When the valves are damaged, blood can flow backwards (red arrows) dilating the vein and pooling in the leg. Classification: primary and secondary Primary varicose veins(superficial veins varicose) ◆vein wall: defect→diminished elasticity ◆valvular incompetence Secondary varicose veins(secondary to deep veins) ◆destruction or dysfunction of valves by trauma, deep venous thrombosis, or nontraumatic proximal venous obstruction( pregnancy, pelvic tumor). ◆ When valves of the deep and perforating veins are disrupted , chronic venous stasis changes may accompany superficial varicosities. Aggravate factors Pregnancy Prolonged standing Obesity  Straining: Chronic constipation, urinary retention, chronic cough surgery or trauma to the leg: These conditions interrupt the normal blood flow channels. Age: most elderly individuals show some degree of varicose vein occurrence. Clinical features Most varicose veins are asymptomatic. Dilat