生态的还是反生态的——旅游开发背景下镇山生态博物馆的个案研究-ecological or anti - ecological a case study of zhenshan ecological museum under the background of tourism development.docxVIP
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生态的还是反生态的——旅游开发背景下镇山生态博物馆的个案研究-ecological or anti - ecological a case study of zhenshan ecological museum under the background of tourism development
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生态的还是反生态的
——旅游开发背景下镇山生态博物馆的个案研究
摘要
20 世纪 80 年代,生态博物馆的思想引进中国。1986 年中国博物馆学家苏东 海在贵州省文化工作规划会议上提出在贵州省创建中国第一座生态博物馆的建 议。1997 年,中国第一座生态博物馆在贵州省六盘水市六枝特区的梭嘎乡建立, 此后,生态博物馆本土化运动在中国逐渐展开。生态博物馆在中国的生根发展, 正说明中国政府和中国社会对环境和文化遗产保护问题的关注。它的出现让像中 国这样的发展中国家找到了一条有希望将文化遗产与自然遗产的保护和经济发 展有机结合起来的可持续发展之路,为有效地保护和弘扬民族传统文化提供着探 索和尝试。而在实际的生态博物馆本土化过程中,却凸显出许多理想与现实难以 对接的矛盾问题。
本论文主要从人类学的视角,通过田野工作了解镇山社区在生态博物馆建设 中对传统文化资源的配置利用情况及其生态博物馆的发展现状,进而根据社区旅 游开发的实际情况分析说明旅游开发与生态博物馆建设管理之间的关系问题。主 要包括村寨的承受能力、村民对建设生态博物馆的态度、参与程度、当地政府对 生态博物馆建设的态度和相应的政策及旅游开发对生态博物馆产生的影响等问 题。重点说明当地生态博物馆的建设问题及其在对民族文化遗产保护方面所扮演 的角色。通过以上分析,提出民族地区旅游泛化发展对民族村落传统文化遗产保 护可能产生的负面影响,同时与贵州其他地区三座生态博物馆的情况做一些相对 的比较,对镇山地区在旅游开发的背景下其生态博物馆的存在究竟对当地传统文 化的保护有没有起到作用这一问题进行简单探讨。
关键词:生态博物馆,旅游开发,镇山社区
Ecological or anti-ecological
the case study on ecomuseum in Zhenshan community with the development of tourism exploration
Abstract
In this thesis, the author analyzes and explains the relationship between tourism exploration and the establishment and management of ecomuseum according to the actual situation of community tourism development based on the field work to understand the use of traditional cultural resources and the development of ecomuseum in the construction of ecomuseum in Zhenshan community from an anthropological perspective. The main topics of this thesis are: the capacity of the village, villagers’ attitude to build an ecological museum, and the extend of their participation, along with local government’s attitude to the ecomuseum construction and the corresponding policies and the impacts of ourism development on the ecomuseum. Moreover, the author highlights the issue of establishing local ecomuseum and local government’s role in the national cultural heritage protection. Through the above analysis, the author proposes the possible negative effects on the national cultural heritage protection in the development of national tourism generalization. Meanwhile, the author roughly discusses whether the existence of ecomuseum is helpful in local
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