生活污水排放量削减潜力研究——以苏州横泾街道为例-study on potential reduction of domestic sewage discharge - a case study of hengjing street in suzhou.docxVIP
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生活污水排放量削减潜力研究——以苏州横泾街道为例-study on potential reduction of domestic sewage discharge - a case study of hengjing street in suzhou
摘要随着城镇化进程的加快,生活污水排放量不断增加,生活污水成为影响城镇水环境的主要因素,制约着城镇经济社会的发展。面对水资源的日益紧缺、水环境的不断恶化及人们越来越高的水环境质量要求,进行生活污水减排就显得尤为迫切重要。生活污水排放量预测方法较多,通过比较分析本文选用灰色GM(1,1)模型对区域生活污水排放量进行预测,在此基础上,引入生活污水排放量削减潜力的概念,构建生活污水排放量削减潜力模型,并提出减排对策。主要研究结果如下:(1)总结、概括生活污水排放量预测的特点及方法分类,结合其他学者的研究成果对常用生活污水排放量预测模型进行比较,分析各自的优缺点及进行中长期预测的适用性。(2)估算并预测了区域生活污水排放量。通过调查及资料收集、整理,利用横泾街道基础数据,根据人均综合生活用水量得到近六年的生活污水排放量。在了解区域排放现状的基础上,针对生活污水排放量的灰色性及灰色预测所需数据少但精度高的特点,建立了生活污水排放量灰色预测模型,并依据模型预测得到2020年的生活污水排放量,以此作为削减潜力分析的基础数据。(3)建立了生活污水排放量削减潜力模型。首先利用年均增长率的方法得到2020年区域人口规模,再通过分析情景分析法在区域生活污水排放量预测中的适用性、确定关键不确定因素(人均综合生活用水量、水价、节水器具普及率和污水再生利用率),合理设置3种不同情景,依据削减潜力模型对2020年横泾街道生活污水排放量的削减潜力进行定量预测。(4)提出相应的减排对策。根据横泾街道生活污水排放量削减潜力分析结果,结合区域实际发展趋势状况,从工程减排和管理减排两个方面提出减排对策,以为区域水环境管理及规划提供参考,缓解城镇水资源紧张、保护水环境质量。关键词:生活污水排放量,灰色模型,情景分析,潜力,减排对策IAbstractWiththeacceleratedprocessofurbanization,domesticsewagedischarge,asamajorfactoraffectingtheurbanwaterenvironment,continuetoincreaseandrestrictthedevelopmentoftheurbaneconomyandsociety.Soitisveryurgentandimportanttoreducethedischargeofdomesticsewage,facedwiththeincreasingscarcityofwaterresources,deterioratingwaterenvironmentandpeopleincreasinglyhighwaterenvironmentalqualityrequirements.Therearesomanymethodstoforecastthedomesticsewagedischarge.Throughthecomparativeanalysisofthesemodels,thispaperchosethegreyGM(1,1)modeltoforecasttheregionaldomesticsewagedischarge,constructedthemodelofsewagedischargereductionpotentialandproposedreductioncountermeasures.Themajorresultsareasfollows:Thecharacteristicsofsewagedischargeforecastingandtheclassificationofitsmethodsweresummarized.Combiningtheresearchresultsofotherscholars,itcomparedthecommonsewageforecastingmodelsandconductedanalysisoftheapplicabilityofitsmediumandlong-termforecast.Theregionaldomesticsewagedischargewasestimatedandforecasted.ThroughinvestigationanddatacollectionaboutHengjingStreet,nearlysixyearsofdomesticsewagedischargeweregotaccordingtothecomprehensivewaterconsumptionpercapita.Thenthegreypredictionmodelofsewagedischargewasestablished,onthebasisofunderstandingthe
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