细胞周期和细胞凋亡相关标记物在胆管癌中的重要意义ppt课件.pptVIP

 Clinical Significance of  Cell Cycle– and Apoptosis- Related Markers in Biliary  Tract Cancer; Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary hepatic tumor, and its incidence is increasing. Prevention of this cancer is very difficult, and only a few risk factors have been so far identified. Cholangiocarcinoma arises from the biliary epithelial cells and can occur anywhere along the biliary tract. ; Tumors are divided anatomically into intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, as well as adenocarcinomas of the gallbladder.Despite their similar morphologic features, differences have been found among these subtypes in relation to their clinical course, genetic profiles, and immunophenotypes.;Materials and Methods;. The TMA consisted of 128 cholangiocarcinoma cases including 42 intrahepatic and 70 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas and 16 gallbladder carcinomas, as well as 29 normal control samples. The 128 patients comprised 70 men and 58 women with a mean ± SD age of 64 ± 2 years (range, 30-90 years).; Assessment of Behavior Medical charts were available for 57 (44.5%) of 128 patients. Of these 57 patients, 45 (79%) died of the disease, and 6 (11%) were alive with recurrent or metastatic disease. An additional 6 patients (11%) were alive without disease. The median follow-up was 11.5 months (mean ± SD, 21.05 ± 4.9 months; range, 0-108 months).;Immunohistochemical Staining;Immunohistochemical Staining ;. The primary antibody was omitted for negative control experiments. For a positive control experiment, a TMA with various normal tissue samples was stained in parallel. Nuclear immunoreactivity for p53, p16, p21, and p27 was visually scored. A case was considered positive if immunoreactivity was detected in at least 10% of the tumor cell nuclei, on the basis of previous reports. Only for p27, the cutoff was 50% of positive tumor cell nuclei.; For bcl-2 and bax, staining in more than 10% of tumor cells within a tissu