语用学第一篇.pptVIP

语用学 Pragmatics: An Introduction Purposes of a course in pragmatics: Just as we dont learn how to translate in order to do translation, so we dont have to learn pragmatics in order to use language. Yet, pragmatic knowledge does serve to --enhance pragmatic awareness; --promote pragmatic competence; --enable pragmatic analysis. Chapter 1 Background and definitions 1. the background of pragmatics 2. the definitions of pragmatics 3.Component vs. perspective分相论与综观论 4.Uses of pragmatics 5.the aims of pragmatics 6. the branches of pragmatics 7.the relation between pragmatics and semantics What does the boy still need to learn about using language? A little boy comes in the front door. Mother: Wipe your feet, please. He removes his muddy shoes and socks and carefully wipes his clean feet on the doormat. 1.Background of pragmatics In the research fields of philosophy, C. Morris and R. Carnap was the first to use the term Pragmatics. Morris/Davis: the study of the relationships between linguistic forms and the users of those forms [Morris, 1938, Foundations of the Theory of Signs, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.] They use the term in their study of semiotics. They divide the research of semiotics into three branches: syntactics, semantics, and pragmatics. Syntactics studies the formal relationship between the signs. Semantics studies the relationship between signs and the things they represent. Pragmatics, which studies the relationship between the signs and the interpreters of the signs. Philosophers also contributed to the occurrence of pragmatics. In the late 50s, the British philosopher J. Austin created speech act theory. This theory is of significance in the study of pragmatics. It has become the core theory of the study of pragmatics. It also greatly influenced such linguistic fields as psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics and applied linguistics. Another American philosopher H.P. Grice, advanced the theory of co-operative principle. It contribut