徐州地区2015～2016年手足口病流行病学特征分析.docVIP

徐州地区2015～2016年手足口病流行病学特征分析 　　摘 要：目的 回顾2015年1月～12月徐州地区儿童手足口病（HFMD）的临床流行病学特征。方法 利用统计学方法对2792例收治入院手足口病例进行流行病学资料分析。结果 在徐州地区，儿童HFMD发病年龄以3岁以下为主，男性多于女性，散居病例多于群居病例，乡村地区多发，疾病多发季节为3～7月份。普通型病例大多症状轻微，预后良好，超过半数病例并发病毒性脑炎，经积极处理后预后亦较好；重症病例10例，占总病例数0.36%，可并发严重并发症，如神经源性肺水肿，肺出血等，需积极处理以降低死亡率。结论 在徐州地区，HFMD发病具有明显易感人群及流行季节，在疾病流行季节对易感人群进行积极干预，争取早诊断、早治疗，以期获得良好预后。 　　关键词：手足口病；流行病学；CoxA16；EV71 　　中图分类号：R725.1 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.02.026 　　文章编号：1006-1959（2018）02-0077-04 　　Abstract：Objective To review the clinical epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in children from January to December 2015 in Xuzhou area.Methods The epidemiological data of 2792 patients with HFMD were analyzed by statistical method.Results In Xuzhou area，The onset age of HFMD in children is mainly under 3 years old，male is more than female，scattered cases are more than group cases，rural areas are more frequent，the season of disease frequent is March and July.The symptoms of common cases are mostly mild.The prognosis was good，more than half of the cases were complicated with viral encephalitis，and the prognosis was better after active treatment.There were 10 severe cases，accounting for 0.36% of the total cases.Serious complications，such as neurogenic pulmonary edema，pulmonary hemorrhage，etc.，should be actively dealt with in order to reduce the mortality rate.Conclusion In Xuzhou area.，the incidence of HFMD has obvious susceptible population and epidemic season.In the epidemic season，the susceptible population is actively intervened to make early diagnosis and treatment in order to obtain a good prognosis. 　　Key words：Hand foot and mouth disease；Epidemiology；CoxA16；EV71 　　手足口病（hand-foot-mouth disease，HFMD）是一种儿童常见的急性传染病，可由不同的肠道病毒引起，包括柯萨奇病毒A16（CA16）和肠道病毒71型（EV71）等。该病大多呈自限性，典型症状表现为发热，手、足和口腔等部位出现疱疹，少数患儿可有重症表现，包括脑炎、脑膜炎、脑脊髓炎、脑干脑炎、心肌损害、急性迟缓性麻痹、神经源性肺水肿及肺出血等，需及时救治[1-2]。目前HFMD的暴发和流行已经成为全球性重要公共卫生问题，在世界范围内多次出现较大规模暴发[3-9]。近年来HFMD在我国大陆地区亦多次出现暴发情况[10-20]，我院为徐州地区乃至淮海经济区规模较大的HFMD定?c收治的专科医院，在HFMD诊治方面积累了较为丰富的经验。为了进一步