海洋环境2.pdfVIP

MT6401 Environmental Shipping MT6401 Environmental Shipping Lecture 1-2 (11 Aug 2015) Lecture 1-2 (11 Aug 2015) The legal framework The legal framework Lecturer: Ong Hua Siong Presentation Presentation Framework: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) The legal framework for the protection of the marine environment – Structure of the ocean: maritime zones – The flag State and the ship UNCLOS: Provisions for the protection of the marine environment 2 Oceans Oceans  71% of the world surface is covered by water  1845: First attempt for a structure of the oceans by the Royal Geographical Society, London – Atlantic Ocean – Pacific Ocean – Indian Ocean – Arctic Ocean – Antarctic Ocean 3 Marine-related activities Marine-related activities Marine Parks; Fishing / Reservation Areas Mineral Exploration Transportation; Shipping Lanes and Safety Issues Tourism and Recreation Areas Environmental and Ecological Issues Marine “ranching” or “mariculture” 4 Law of the Sea Law of the Sea – United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), 1982  entered into force on 16 November 1994  Protection and Preservation of the Marine Environment (Part XII) – Provides “framework” 5 Structure of the Ocean Structure of the Ocean [according to the 1982 UNCLOS] [a