炭疽病（Anthrax）ppt课件.pptVIP

Chapter 19The Diversity of Viruses, Prokaryotes, and Protists;炭疽病(Anthrax)炭疽桿菌(Bacillus anthracis);19.1 What Are Viruses, Viroids, and Prions?;19.1.1 A Virus Consists of a Molecule of DNA or RNA Surrounded by a Protein Coat;Eukaryotic cells (10–100 μm);glycoproteins;glycoproteins;Viruses Are Host-Specific;Bacteriophage ;bacteriophages are seen attacking a bacterium. They have injected their genetic material inside, leaving their protein coats clinging to the bacterial cell wall. The black objects inside the bacterium are newly forming viruses.;Viruses for animals and plants;rabies virus;Viral replication;(nucleus);mRNA;Viral infections are difficult to treat ;19.1.2 Some Infectious Agents Are Even Simpler Than Viruses;Prions;Prions: Puzzling proteins ;No one is certain how these infectious particles originated;Bacteria and Archaea domains;Classification basis of prokaryotes;Classification based on nucleotide sequence;Notes on Classification of prokaryotes;Prokaryotes Differ in Shape and Structure;0.10 μm;outer membrane;Many Bacteria Form Films on Surfaces;Endospores;endospore; Reproduce asexually Divide every 20 min, 1021 in one day ;Prokaryotes may exchange genetic material without reproducing;Plasmids;Prokaryotes Are Specialized for Specific Habitats;Hot springs harbor bacteria and archaea that are both heat- and mineral-tolerant.;Prokaryotes Exhibit Diverse Metabolisms;membranes bearing chlorophyll;Prokaryotes Perform Functions Important to Other Organisms;cell walls;Some Bacteria Pose a Threat to Human Health;19.3 What Are Protists?;;Reproduction of protists;reproduces asexually by cell division. ;exchanges genetic material across a cytoplasmic bridge;Protists Use Diverse Modes of Nutrition;The Chromists;Water Molds;A parasitic water mold, Downy mildew, a plant disease caused by the water mold Plasmopara, nearly destroyed the French wine industry in the 1870s. ;Diatoms;;Brown Algae;;Brown algae, a multicellular protist Giant kelp Macrocystis H