无机纳米粒子的选择分布及其复合材料导热性能的分析-selection and distribution of inorganic nanoparticles and analysis of thermal conductivity of composites.docxVIP
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无机纳米粒子的选择分布及其复合材料导热性能的分析-selection and distribution of inorganic nanoparticles and analysis of thermal conductivity of composites
无机纳米粒子的选择分布及其复合材料导热性能的研究摘要因纳米粒子在改善聚合物力学性能和导热性能上的显著作用,导热聚合物基纳米复合材料的研究受到了广泛关注。本论文采用氮化硼(BN)、纳米氧化铝(Al2O3)为导热填料,以聚乙烯(PE)和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)为基体树脂,通过熔融共混法制备导热复合材料。论文在两相连续模型理论预测了PE/EVA共混物的相转变区域的基础上,利用溶剂选择萃取和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了PE/EVA共混物的形貌结构,而获得了具有两相共连续结构的共混物,基于此,分别研究了BN、Al2O3在两相中的分布行为,评价了复合材料的导热性能和拉伸性能,探讨了无机纳米粒子的选择分布行为与复合材料导热性能的关系。研究结果表明:(1)PE/EVA共混物的相结构与二者的用量比相关,根据两相共连续模型计算得到相转变点出现在PE的质量分数为51.8%附近,与实际实验结果相符,相结构研究表明在PE/EVA质量比为1/1时得到具有两相共连续结构的共混物;(2)无机粒子在两相共连续PE/EVA共混物中呈现出选择性分布行为,BN和Al2O3主要分布在PE相中,并与EVA相形成共连续结构;(3)无机纳米粒子的选择分布及其共连续结构有助于提高复合材料的导热性能,在BN质量分数为30%时,与PE/BN复合材料相比,具有选择分布和相连续结构的PE/EVA/BN复合材料的热导率提高了15.4%;在Al2O3质量分数为50%时,与PE/Al2O3复合材料相比,具有选择分布和相连续结构的PE/EVA/Al2O3复合材料的热导率提高了20.9%;(4)随着纳米粒子填充量的增加,PE/EVA/BN、PE/EVA/Al2O3复合材料的拉伸强度分别与PE/BN、PE/Al2O3复合材料相近,同时由于EVA相的增韧作用,断裂伸长率分别优于PE/BN复合材料与PE/Al2O3复合材料。关键词氮化硼;氧化铝;导热复合材料;聚乙烯;共连续结构SelectiveDistributionofInorganicNano-particlesandThermalConductivityofCompositesAbstractPolymerbasednanocompositeshavebeenwidelyconcernedduetotheobviouimprovementofmechanicalandthermalpropertiesofpolymersbynanoparticles.Inthisdissertation,thermalconductivecompositeswerepreparedbyaddingboronnitride(BN)andnano-aluminiumoxide(Al2O3)asthermallyconductivefillersintopolyethylene(PE)andethylene-vinylacetatecopolymer(EVA)asthematrixresinsviamelt-blending.TheinversionpointofPE/EVAwastheoreticallycalculatedtoprepareco-continuousblendsbytheequationofphaseinversion.ThephasestructureofPE/EVAblendsandtheselectivelocalizationofBNorAl2O3inPE/EVAblendswereinvestigatedbyselectivesolventextractionandscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM).Thethermalpropertiesofthecompositeswereevaluatedbythermalconductivity.TheinfluencesoftheselectivelocalizationandtheloadinglevelsofBNandAl2O3onthethermalconductivityofPE/EVA/BNcompositesandPE/EVA/Al2O3wereinvestigated.TheresultshowedthatthephasestructureofPE/EVAblendsshowsdependenceonthemassratioofPEandEVA.Aco-continuousblendscanbeobtainedatthePE/EVAmassratioof1/1.Thermallyconductivefillerstendtoshowaselectivedistributioninco-continuousblends.BNandAl2O3w
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