特殊条件下的超声散斑相关法测量分析-measurement and analysis of ultrasonic speckle correlation method under special conditions.docxVIP

华中科技大学硕士学位论文 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I I 摘 要 当超声入射介质粗糙界面或在非均匀介质内传播时，其折射波和背向散射波会 在界面或（介质）空间中干涉形成振幅和相位随机分布的散斑场。超声散斑的特性 及其变化也包含了物体散射界面变形和结构变化的信息。本文提出的超声散斑相关 法测量不仅能够对水下物体内外层界面进行静态位移测量，而且能够对水下振动物 体进行动态参数测量。它是一种结合了超声、电子、力学、信息等多学科的测量新 方法。 本文首先利用相关法对水下物内层界面面内位移、离面位移进行了测量；研究 了外层界面粗糙度及其应变对超声散斑相关法内层界面位移测量的影响，研究表明 外层界面粗糙度对测量结果的影响不大，然而当外层界面发生应变时，其变形前后 内层界面上的散斑场的相关性将随应变量的增加而减弱，这种退相关现象将导致应 用超声散斑相关法进行内层界面位移测量误差的增加；其次讨论了传统超声散斑相 关法位移测量时相关系数多峰值造成的测量误差的问题，为此提出了超声散斑多谱 值相关法的思想，多谱值相关法不仅能有效地避免相关系数主峰的误判，而且提高 了位移测量精度；最后应用超声散斑测量技术成功地对水下振动的悬臂梁试件上各 测点的频率、振幅和相位进行了非接触测量，新方法为水下结构振动模态实验分析 提供了有效手段。 关键词： 超声散斑 相关法 多谱值 位移测量 内层界面 振动测量 II II ABSTRACT When coherent waves incident on the rough interface or spread in the Inhomogeneous medium, there will be a speckle field with Randomly Distributed Amplitude and Phase in the space because of the interference between the refraction waves and the back-scattered waves. The properties and HYPERLINK /dict_result.aspx?searchword=%e5%8f%98%e5%8c%96%e8%a7%84%e5%be%8bamp;tjType=sentenceamp;styleamp;t=variation%2Bof variation of ultrasound speckle also contains the deformation information of objects scattering interface and structural. Ultrasonic Speckle Correlation not only can be applied to the static measurement of the In-plane and out-of-plane displacement, but also the dynamic response measurement of underwater vibration modes. This is a new measurement method combined with Ultrasonic, electronic, mechanics, information and other disciplines . Firstly, the ultrasonic speckle correlation method is used to measure the in-plane and out-of-plane displacement of the inner surface of an object in water in this paper, then The influence of the roughness and strain of the outer surface of the specimen upon the inner surface displacement measurement is examined . The results show that the roughness of the outer surface has little effect on the measurement .But when strain on the outer surface is produced, the correlation between the speckle fields on the inner surface be