东营凹陷膏盐层发育对油气成藏的影响.doc

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 47 摘 要 本文在广泛阅读国内外有关膏盐岩发育对油气成藏影响的研究文献、资料的前提下，分析东营凹陷古近系盐膏岩地层的发育和分布情况，研究盐膏岩层系的成因模式和分布特征，总结膏盐岩地层及其分布特征对油气成藏的影响。 东营凹陷孔一段上部、沙四段下部一、二套，沙四段上部共发育4套膏盐层，不同时期膏盐岩的沉积中心及沉积厚度随着盐湖的演化有所变化，具有迁移性特征。由于膏盐岩特殊的热性质，膏膏盐层下部烃源岩热演化趋势减缓，而在膏膏盐层上表面附近烃源岩的各热演化指标均呈现出一个跳跃。盐膏岩地层会使下伏地层中形成异常压力，有利于储层孔隙保存和次生孔隙的形成，其强导热性会造成盐下地层热量散失较快，延缓储层成岩作用的演化。此外，膏盐在深层脱水引起溶蚀作用，有利于次生孔隙形成。一般情况下，膏盐层可作为优质盖层，但也并非绝对。深断层可以切穿强塑性和流动性的膏盐层从而沟通膏盐层上下两个含油气系统，盐下的高压流体沿着泄压通道（断层）上涌，同时由于膏盐层本身具有可塑性特点，可以形成盐拱、底辟等多种构造，因此，这些高压流体可以在上部地层的一系列由盐构造运动形成的圈闭中聚集。 关键词：东营凹陷；膏盐岩；油气成藏 ABSTRACT This paper primarily studied the distribution characteristics and the evolutional model of salt and gypsum rocks in Dongying depression, and then the relationship between hydrocarbon accumulation and the distribution of salt and gypsum rocks has been summed up after reading a wide range of documents about the salt and gypsum rock layers and the research on hydrocarbon accumulation. There are four salt and gypsum rock layers in Dongying depression. That is the upper part of the Fiist Member of the Kongdian Formation,first and second of the lower forth member of Shahejie formation and the upper forth member of Shahejie formation. depocenter and thickness of gypsum rocks change with evolution of salt lake, which indicated that it migrated breadthwise. Because of the special thermal properties of gypsum salt rock, the thermal evolution source rocks in the lower of gypsum-salt bed is slowed down. However, all thermal evolution indices of organic matter of source rocks near the upper of gypsum-salt bed presented a jump. The existence of gypsum-salt bed makes abnormal high pressure formation in the underlying strata and good thermal conductivity of gypsum-salt bed make geothermal of the strata in the lower of gypsum-salt bed loose with rapid pace, which is Advantageous to the preservation of the reservoir pores and the formation of reservoir secondary pore. At the same time, it slow down reservoir diagenesis. In addition, dehydration of salt and gypsu