不同土体剖面构型对水稻生长与产量影响.docVIP

不同土体剖面构型对水稻生长与产量的影响 　　摘要 为探明韩城下峪口不同土体剖面构型对旱稻生长及产量的影响，2016年在陕西省富平县中试基地开展了5种土体剖面构型对于水稻生长及产量影响的试验。结果表明，不同处理的土壤耕层水分含量在不同时期有差异，各处理间表现为容重1.8 g/cm3的黄土1∶3的粉煤灰和沙1∶2的粉煤灰和沙容重1.2 g/cm3的黄土容重1.8 g/cm3的沙土。不同土体剖面构型影响水稻的株高、分蘖以及产量。水稻株高、分蘖、产量在处理间表现为1∶2的粉煤灰和沙容重1.8 g/cm3的黄土1∶2的粉煤灰和沙容重1.2 g/cm3的黄土容重1.8 g/cm3的沙土。水稻收获后测定的土壤养分指标的大小趋势也是如此。本试验表明，韩城下峪口土地整治项目区需要进行土体有机重构，综合考虑工程成本和整治效果，适宜参考1∶2的粉煤和沙处理的土体剖面构型。 　　关键词 水稻；剖面构型；生长；产量 　　中图分类号 S282；S511 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2017）16-0011-03 　　Abstract In order to investigate effects of soil profile configuration on growth and yield of rice，related experiments were carried out at Fuping Pilot-base. The results were as follows：the soil water contents of different treatments showed differences，with the values as volumetric loess with bulk density 1.8 g/cm3fly ash and sand with scale was 1∶3fly ash and sand with scale was 1∶2loess with bulk density 1.2 g/cm3sand with bulk density 1.8 g/cm3.Different soil profiles configuration affected the plant height，tillering and yield. The variation order between plant height，tillering and yield among different treatments was fly ash and sand with scale was 1∶2loess with bulk density 1.8 g/cm3fly ash and sand with scale was 1∶3loess with bulk density 1.2 g/cm3sand with bulk density 1.8 g/cm3. The trend of soil nutrient after the harvest of rise was similar to the above. Thus，land organic reconstruction to be did in Hancheng Xiayukou land remediation project area. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the project cost and effectiveness，the soil profile configuration suggested fly ash and sand with scale was 1∶2. 　　Key words rice；profile configuration；growth；yield 　　?n城市下峪口土地整治项目区位于韩城市东部黄河右岸滩地内，地理位置介于东经110°30′34″～110°33′36″，北纬35°31′02″～35°34′01″，距离县城10 km，地处黄河川道，地面较为平坦，地域广阔，地表水资源丰富，降雨量较高，加之光热资源充足，自然条件满足种植水稻的发展需求。但是，根据《韩城市下峪口土地整治项目土质基础普探报告》对项目区沙洲的土质分析，项目区沙洲土中砂粒为56.3%，粉粒为40.8%，土壤质地为砂壤，土壤质地偏砂，水肥流失严重，土壤贫瘠，土地生产力低下，不适宜直接种植水稻。水稻高产的限制因子除了有土壤养分和水分外，还有土壤的物理性限制因子，如质地、容重等[1]。长期以来国内外研究主要着重于养分和水分对作物生长的影响[2-3]，而对物理性因子与作物生长的