第34章-货币政策和财政政策对总需求的影响.ppt

财政政策影响总需求 政府购买增加200亿美元的乘数效应 总需求曲线 向右移动200亿美元 消费者反应 增加支出 总需求曲线 再一次向右移动 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. * 图 4 * ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. 乘数效应 物价水平 Quantity of Output Aggregate demand, AD1 政府购买增加200亿美元可以使总需求曲线向右移动大于200亿美元。这种乘数效应的产生是因为总收入的增加刺激了消费者的额外支出。. AD2 AD3 $20 billion 1. An increase in government purchases of $20 billion initially increases aggregate demand by $20 billion . . . 2. . . . but the multiplier effect can amplify the shift in aggregate demand. 财政政策影响总需求 乘数效应 消费支出的反应 投资的反应 投资加速数 更高的政府需求 对投资品的需求 来自投资需求的正反馈 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. * 财政政策影响总需求 支出乘数 边际消费倾向, MPC 额外收入用于消费的量 乘数的大小 取决于 MPC 更大的 MPC 更大的乘数 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. * 财政政策影响总需求 支出乘数 = 1/(1 – MPC) ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. * 财政政策影响总需求 由于乘数效应 1美元的政府购买 1美元的消费、投资或者净出口 可以产生 1美元的总需求 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanne