内科学disordersofdigestivesys.docVIP

内科学 aspirin/2006 - PAGE 17 - Disorders of Digestive System Basic structure of digestive system Gastrointestinal tract Histologic organization anatomy and physiology of stomach zonation of stomach cardia fundus body antrum Receptor of parietal cell Acetylcholine Receptors of hypersecretion Gastrin Histamine Prostaglandins Receptors of hyposecretion Somatostatin Histologic organization of the GI tract epithelium mucosa lamina propria muscularis mucosae wall of the GI submucosa muscularis inner circular layer outer longitudinal layer serosa Digestive glands liver : complex function pancreas : endocrine:insulin two functions trypsin exocrine: amylopsin steapsin biliary systeme Liver Double blood supply Portal vein 75% Hepatic artery 25% lobules of liver fundamental unit of the liver Other associated organs peritoneum mesentery omentum Function of the Digestive System Digestion Absorption Metabolism Excretion Endocrine Digestion: digestion refers to the conversion of ingested food molecules into smaller capable of being absorbed into the blood and lymph. Absorption: Absorption refers to the process of absorbable molecules entering the blood or lymph. active transportation absorptive mechanisms simple diffusion facilitated diffusion endocytosis long-chain fatty acid →lymph monoglycerides other nutrients ───→blood Metabolism of liver biochemical processes absorbed nutrients are primarily managed toxins are detoxicated hormones are inactiveted Excretion: bilirubin, choles