英语语法(04动词A)教学教材.ppt

Unit Four: Verbs and Verb Phrases （I） Issues of this unit: 1) Inflexions of English verbs 动词形变 2) Classification of verbs 动词的分类 3) Tense, aspect, voice, mood 时体态式 ;Let’s assume: ABC为形式1、2、3，我们可以把不规则动词与原形比，其过去式、过去分词变化（包括音变）归入下面几类： AAA类： (无词形变化) set set set / put put put / cost cost cost / cast cast cast ABA类： (仅过去式变化) run ran run / come came come become became become AAB类： (仅过去分词变化) beat beat beaten / browbeat ; ABB类： (过去式与过去分词变化相同) teach taught taught / read read read (音变) speed sped sped / catch caught caught hold held held / stand stood stood ABC类： (过去式与过去分词变化不相同) bear bore born / choose chose chosen take took taken / forget forgot forgotten shake shook shaken / write wrote written 以上5类可以涵盖全部不规则动词。; 2) Classification of verbs 动词的分类 transitive verb: take, put … main verb intransitive verb: go, sleep … link verb: be, look, sound … V 3 primary aux.: be, do, have auxiliary 13 modal aux.: can, may, shall.. semi-aux.: have to, seem to … dynamic verb: work, talk, think … V static verb: want, differ, belong… (一般不用进行时) ;When a verb describes a state and not an action we do not use the continuous tense. For example, ‘play’ is an action so we can say ‘playing’ whereas ‘be’ is a fixed state which does not change:?‘To be, or not to be’. Grammatically it is not correct to say ‘I’m loving it’ even though McDonalds have made this expression famous. ‘Love’ is a?state verb?and so we should say ‘I love it.’　 Emotion:?love, hate, want, need Possession:?have, own, want, belong Senses:?see, hear, smell, seem Thought:?know, believe, remember ; 注意：这些分类不是绝对的，由于一词多义现象，动词的不同使用可以跨类别。例如： The young lady usually walks her dog after supper. We eat what we can, but can what we cannot. I am hoping that you would see what is wrong. Never mind, someone will see about it. I?have?a car. —?state verb?showi