基于Landsat―TM影像洞庭湖水面动态变化.docVIP

基于Landsat―TM影像洞庭湖水面动态变化 　　摘要：为了探究近20年来洞庭湖萎缩状况，定量评价其水面面积变化情况，选择Landsat TM遥感影像作为数据源，采用单波段阈值分析法、多波段谱间关系法、水体指数法、植被指数法和目视解译法对洞庭湖水体进行了解译，探讨了1993年-2010 年洞庭湖水体面积动态变化状况。结果表明，若以1949 年洞庭湖面积（km2）作为历史参考水面，则18 年间湖面积萎缩严重，秋季平水期萎缩比例均超40%;若以1978 年洞庭湖水面为参考，则萎缩比例少于40%。研究还表明，TM图像的7-4-2 波段组合对于洞庭湖水体的解译非常有效，可以作为地区水文水资源研究的重要手段。 　　关键词：洞庭湖;萎缩;遥感;TM影像;遥感解译;水体提取;动态变化 　　中图分类号：P237文献标志码：A文章编号： 　　1672-1683（2015）01-0063-04 　　Dynamic changes of Dongting Lake based on Landsat-TM remote sensing data 　　CUI Liang，LI Yong-ping，HUANG Guo-he，ZENG Xue-ting 　　（Sino-Canada Resources and Environmental Research Academy，Natural Disaster Research Institute， 　　North China Electric Power University，Beijing 102206，China） 　　Abstract：In order to investigate the shrinking conditions of the Dongting Lake in recent 20 years and evaluate the change in water surface area quantitatively，the Landsat-TM remote sensing images were used as the data source，and the single band threshold algorithm，multi-band spectrum，normalized difference water index，normalized difference vegetation index，and visual interpretation were used to analyze the change in water surface area of the Dongting Lake from 1993 to 2010.Based on the analysis of spectroscopic characterization of Landsat-TM remote sensing data of the study area，the fractal dimension of the surface water area of the Dongting Lake was calculated.The water surface area of the Dongting Lake is 1604.29 km2 in October 1993，848.73 km2 in September 2001，414.32 km2 in November 2006，and 330.92 km2 in December 2010.Take the water surface area in 1949（4350 km2） as the historical reference value，Dongting Lake shrank severely in recent 30 years，and the shrinking proportion of the Dongting Lake surpassed 40% during the normal river flow period.Take the water surface area in 1978（2691 km2） as the historical reference value，and the shrinking proportion of the Dongting Lake was less than 40%.The results showed that 7-4-2 band visual interpretation can be effectively applied to the interpr