高三英语总复习之时态和语态.docVIP

高三英语总复习之时态和语态 一·构成 a.主动式 过 去 现 在 将 来 一般 Did Do/does Will do 进行 Was/were doing Am/is/are doing Will be doing 完成 Had done Have/has done Will have done 完成进行 Had been doing Have/has been doing Will have been doing 将来 Would do b.被动式 过 去 现 在 将 来 一般 Was/were done Am/is/are done Will be done 进行 Was/were being done Am/is/are being done Will be being done 完成 Had been done Have/has been done Will have been done 将来 Would be done 二．用法 1.一般现在时 1).表示经常性或习惯性动作 Tom often goes to school by bike. 2). 表示客观事实或普遍真理 The sun rises in the east. 3).表示现存的性质，能力或状态。 You see what I mean. 4) 表示按计划安排好了的将要发生的动作。这种情况仅限于少数动词（come /go/leave/arrive/start/take off/close/open/end/stop/depart/return,etc） The train leaves at 10 am. The fikm starts at 9:30. 5).在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，从句常用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。（常由when/if/after/befer/as/as soon as/the minute/the next time/in case/till/untill/unless/so long as/wherever/whenever,etc引导，但要注意主句的谓语动词必须用一般将来时） I’ll write you a letter as soon as I get there . Wherever you go ,I will follow you. You’ll be warmly welcomed whenever you come. 2. 现在进行时 1).表示此时此刻正在发生的动作 We are playing basketball now. I am reading a ltter from one of my old friends. 2) 表示现阶段正在发生的动作,常与these days/this week 等连用 I’m writing a novel these days. 3) 与always/constantly/forever/still等连用，表示赞赏、埋怨、厌恶等感情色彩，并不表示动作正在进行。 My yonger brother is constantly losing keys. He is always coming late. 4) 表式位置移动的词经常可用进行时来表示将来，常用的动词有come/go/leave/start/fly/arrive etc. 试比较 ： He works in Shanghai. He is working in Shanghai this year. 3. 现在完成时 1). 表示过去的动作对现在造成的结果或影响，常与非延续性动词连用，并常带不确定的时间状语，如already/ever/never etc. I have read this story somewhere before. He has finished reading the book already. 2).表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，通常用延续性动词。常与表示一段时间状语连用，如：for a long time /for …years/since 1990/these years etc. I’ve taught English for 15 years. Where have yoy been all these years? 3). 现在完成时可以表示过去的动作对现在来讲已成为经历或经验。 We’ve all played with snow and ice. 4).表示到目前为止的一段时间内，多少次或第几次干某事。 He’s been to Beijing many times. It’s the thir