HSETraining_hemicalOperation危险化学品作业培训.ppt

* * | Presentation Title | Presenter Name | Date | Subject | Business Use Only Chemical Exposure and Prevention 化学品的接触和预防 * | Presentation Title | Presenter Name | Date | Subject | Business Use Only * What are Routes of Chemical Exposure?化学泄露的危害流程如何？ The ways in which a chemical may enter the body. 其流程正是化学物质进入人体的过程 Chemical Health Hazards 化学危害 * | Presentation Title | Presenter Name | Date | Subject | Business Use Only Routes of Toxic Entry 有毒品进入人体路线 Inhalation 吸入 Ingestion 吞摄 Absorption 吸收 Absorption 吸收 Absorption 吸收 Absorption 吸收 Absorption 吸收 Injection 渗入血管 * | Presentation Title | Presenter Name | Date | Subject | Business Use Only Chemical Health Hazards化学危害 Toxicology terms for hazards: 毒物性危害： Toxin 毒素 Mutagen 诱导有机体突变的物质 Teratogen 致畸剂 Carcinogen 致癌物质 Sensitizer 感光剂 Allergen 过敏原 Endocrine disrupter 致内分泌紊乱物 * | Presentation Title | Presenter Name | Date | Subject | Business Use Only Chemical Health Hazards化学危害 Toxicology Terms 毒性条件 Exposure 接触 Acute 急性的 Chronic 慢性的 Dose 吸入剂量 LD50 半数致死量 是药物、毒物及病原微生物等毒力水平的一个标志。它表示能使全部实验对象死亡半数的剂量或浓度, 有弪皮、弪口或1小时等几种类型） LC50 半致死浓度 动物实验中施用之化学物质能使百分之五十实验动物族群发生死亡时所需要之浓度） Systemic 全身组织 Target organ 被伤害的组织 * | Presentation Title | Presenter Name | Date | Subject | Business Use Only Chemical Health Hazards化学危害 Airborne concentrations of chemicals can often be compared to standards established by national, international, or governmental organizations. 空气中的化学浓度会被要求严格遵守该国家、国际或政府组织的相关标准 Most standards are based upon exposures in the work environment rather than actual doses received by the worker because of difficulties in determining doses. 很多标准以在工作环境中对化学品的接触程度而设定，而不是建立在工作人员所接收到的剂量的基础上，毕竟决定剂量比较困难。 * | Presentation Title | Presenter Name | Date | Subject | Business Use Only * Chemical Health Hazards化学危害 Many occupational safety and health exposure levels are regulatory (laws). 许多职业安全及化学接触程度均是受到一定制度约束的（法律） They are intended for lifetime exposures for normally healthy, adult workers. 某些接触对于成年工作者来说终其