水平单调载荷作用下桩基桥墩滞回特性.docVIP

水平单调载荷作用下桩基桥墩滞回特性 　　摘要:为研究桩基桥墩―地基系统的非线性性能,根据模型与原型的物理相似关系制作1∶5比例的桩基桥墩模型. 采用力―位移混合控制加载的拟静力试验方法,通过在墩顶施加水平单调增加载荷,得到墩顶水平载荷下桩基桥墩的载荷―位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线和滞回特性. 用非线性弹簧单元模拟土体、用梁单元模拟桩和桥墩,建立模型桥墩的计算模型. 计算模型的骨架曲线与试验模型的骨架曲线吻合较好,表明采用非线性弹簧单元和梁单元分别模拟土体和桩是可行的,可以为考虑土―结构相互作用时的桥梁抗震分析提供参考依据. 　　关键词:桩基桥墩; 滞回特性; 水平单调载荷; 土―结构相互作用 　　中图分类号:U442.5;U443.15;U443.22文献标志码:A 　　 　　Hysteretic characteristics of pile-supported bridge piers under 　　 level monotonic load 　　DONG Zhengfang 　　(Dept. of Bridge Eng., Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, China) 　　Abstract: To study the nonlinear performance of pile-supported bridge pier-foundation system, a 1∶5 scale pile-supported bridge pier model is built according to the physical similarity between the prototype and the model. The hysteretic curves, skeleton curves and hysteretic characteristics of load-displacement of pile-supported bridge piers under level monotonic load are obtained by using the pseudo-static test method that uses the force-displacement control load and imposing load on the top of the pier. The computation model is built for the model of the pier by using nonlinear spring element to simulate soil and beam element to simulate piers and piles. The skeleton curves of the computation model is well in agreement with the one of the test model and it is shown that it is feasible to use nonlinear spring element to simulate soil and beam element to simulate piles, and so it can provide reference for the analysis on the seismic resistance of bridges considering soil-structure interaction. 　　Key words: pile-supported bridge pier; hysteretic characteristic; level monotonic load; soil-structure interaction 　　 　　收稿日期:2009-03-01修回日期:2009-04-26 　　基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划(“八六三”计划)(2004AA505240; 2005AA505101-517) 　　作者简介: 董正方(1980―),男,河南滑县人,博士研究生,研究方向为桥梁抗震、轨道交通抗震等,(E-mail)carmanhouse@ 　　 　　0引言 　　 　　目前,我国桥梁工程中大量使用桩基桥墩,特别是铁路上广泛使用少筋混凝土重力式桥墩,其墩身延性很差,对抗震不利.然而大量震害资料表明,这种少筋混凝土重力式桥墩有时却能够抵抗高烈度地震.显然,这种桥墩仅仅依靠自身的延性无法抵抗高烈度地震,应该考虑地基的耗能作用.[1,2]因此,开展桩基桥墩―地基系统非线性性能的研究十分必要.