X射线脉冲星信号时延估计方法分析-微电子学与固体电子学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘要 摘要 脉冲星是一种快速自转的中子星，最显著的特性是其辐射信号周期具有极高 的稳定性。这一特性使脉冲星能够为在近地轨道、地球同步轨道、大椭圆地球轨 道、地月轨道、星际空间飞行以及深空飞行的航天器提供位置、速度和时间等丰 富的导航信息。因此 X 射线脉冲星导航定位具有极为重要的军事用途和广阔的工 程应用前景。 在 X 射线脉冲星导航定位系统中，观测脉冲轮廓与标准脉冲轮廓模板的时间 延迟是十分重要测量数据，本文基于脉冲星 X 射线信号的长期稳定度，对时间延 迟量的准确获取进行了多种时延估计方法的比较，包括互相关法，非线性最小二 乘法和自适应滤波法，同时研究了基于分数阶傅里叶变换的时延估计方法应用于 脉冲星领域的可行性。分别采用标准正弦信号，脉冲星信号地面模拟系统产生的 信号对几种时延估计方法进行了仿真研究，最后采用 REXE 卫星采集到的真实 X 射线脉冲星信号进行算法验证。仿真结果表明，基于分数阶傅里叶变换的时延估 计方法在一定程度上提高了时延估计的性能，而时延估计性能的提高直接减小了 航天器在脉冲星导航系统中的定位误差。 关键字：X 射线脉冲星信号 轮廓折叠 时延估计 分数阶傅里叶变换 Abst Abstract Abstract Pulsar is a kind of neutron star with rapid self-rotation. The signal it radiates has stable and precise period, which is the most remarkable property. The property enables Pulsar to offer position, velocity, and accurate time navigation information for space crafts in near-earth orbit, geostationary orbit, elliptic orbit or interplanetary orbit. Therefore, X-ray pulsar navigation plays an extremely important role in military affairs and engineering. As time delay of observed pulse profile and standard pulse contour template is one the most important data of the XPNAV system, the time delay estimation method is cru- cial to related research. Thus, based on the long-term stability of the X-ray pulsar signal, this thesis compares various traditional delay estimation methods including Correlation method, correlation method, nonlinear least squares method and adaptive filter method, and proves the feasibility of using the time delay estimation method based on Fractional Fourier transform in the field of the pulsar. Then in the simulation part, the pulsar sig- nals that procreant by ground simulation system and standard sinusoidal signal is used to simulate both of the traditional and improved delay estimation method. At last, the real X-ray pulsar signal acquired from REXE satellites is applied to validate the results. Simulation results show that the delay estimation method based on fractional Fourier transform improve the performance of time delay e