《诗经》的哲学意蕴-中国哲学专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要 诗可以表达人们的志向与愿望，反映人们对自然现象和社会生活的思考。《诗 经》作为“六经”之一，其内容真实地记录了当时人们的思想，反映了很多中国 哲学思想的萌芽。但按照现代学科体系，学者们主要将其置于文学史、诗歌史的 范围内来加以研究。虽然个别学者对《诗经》的哲学意蕴有所触及，发表了几篇 相关的论文，但从总体上看，对这方面的研究重视不够，还没有就此课题进行深 入、系统的探讨。本文旨在对《诗经》的哲学意蕴作尽可能全面的揭示，反映其 中所包含的远古先民的天命观、德治观、伦理观和思维方式的特点。 《诗经》中有阐述人与宇宙万物的关系以及其对中国古代哲学与文化的影响， 天命观是《诗经》最重要的哲学思想。《诗经》为我们展示了远古中国人天命观 变化发展的脉络。从最初对天命的盲目认同到“以德配天”等思想的出现，人的 作用被放大，从而对周的统治也提出了更高的要求。德治是伴随着天命观的变化 而出现的。天命易变，统治者对上要有敬天之德，以配天命，对下要有爱民之德， 并通过兴礼乐文明和道德教化的方式实现德治。《诗经》提出了德性伦理的基本 观念，其中君子是集所有优质的品德和行为于一身的理想人格，是人们向往的修 身境界，在具体的日常生活中，较为系统地勾勒了处理人与人关系的诸多伦理规 范。《诗经》在反映人与“天”、自然的关系时，运用“天人合一”和比兴的联 想思维方法，把自然现象与社会现象联系起来，通过物象反映人事。《诗经》中 的哲学含义对我国古代哲学的发展有着重要的意义，奠定了后期诸多哲学思想的 理论基础。 关键词：《诗经》；天命观；德治观；德性伦理；思维方式 ABSTRACT Poems can express the ambitions and aspirations of people, reflecting thoughts on natural phenomena and social life. The Book of Songs, as one of the Six Classics, records peoples state of mind of the time andis seen to have nourished the Chinese philosophy. However, according to the modern discipline, scholars regard it as a piece of literary work and study it within the range of poetry history. Although few scholars have published articles on the Book of Songs from the philosophical perspective, it is obviously far from enough and requires more attention and deeper research. This thesis aims to reveal the philosophical implication of the Book of Songs and analyze the destiny views, virtuous administration views, ethics and thinking patterns of the ancestors. The Book of Songs illustrates the relationship of human beings with the universe and has great influence on China’s ancient philosophy and culture. The destiny view is its most important philosophical idea. The Book of Songs shows the development of the destiny view in China. It was blindly followed until the thoughts of “matching one’s virtue with the god” emerged. Then the function of human was magnified so that higher requirements to rule the Zhou Dynasty were satisfied.Virtuous administration comes into being with the development