《诗经》修辞与词语训释分析汉语言文字学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 摘 要 《诗经》是我国古典文学奇葩，有其精湛而独特的语言表现艺术。自古诗无 达诂，除语言的时代隔阂外，古代修辞理论的缺失，忽视修辞活动对词语的影响， 也是重要的原因。《诗经》注疏者不明诗人修辞之用心，势必导致误训词语，歪 曲诗文原意。 本文据此问题，立足于《诗经》修辞与训诂之关系，以《诗经》文本为基础 材料进行研究，提出明确区别“比兴”的方法，以词语在修辞语境中的组合与聚 合关系，作为变文与互文的判断依据，并论述变式重言特殊构词语素的基本性质， 对《诗经》修辞理论有一定的补充作用。考察《诗经》注疏以修辞阐释词语的基 本方式，将《诗经》修辞与词语训释相结合，如运用修辞说明“矇瞍”组合的原 因；辨析“绥”、“将”、“成”与“累”、“荒”、“萦”的不同语义关系； 推知“归”与“归宁”的诗文含义；考证“泽”的修辞意义。在修辞与训诂相结 合的过程中，归纳以修辞求词义的训诂方法与依据，如孔颖达《毛诗正义》中“对 散通别以求词义”、“依象辨义”、“依韵定文”，以及提出诗文“比”中用“如” 与不用“如”字的修辞理论。本文认为，既要重视在《诗经》研究中，明修辞以 求词义的训诂意义；也要看到修辞只是训释词语的重要依据之一，有时甚至只能 是旁证。所以，修辞研究与词语训释相结合难免有不足之处，要做到不臆说，必 须有训诂依据，味之以文情，衡之以语法，不脱离当时的历史社会文化背景，即 知人论世。正确解读《诗经》，毫无疑问，必须综合运用多种训诂方法。明修辞 以求词义，在训诂实践中是一种重要的训诂方法，可惜训诂学专书中罕有人详细 论述之。本文以《诗经》为例，把明确修辞上升到训诂方法的高度，比较充分地 阐释了修辞对词语训释的重要性，举例说明了忽视修辞而造成的词语误训现象。 主题词：《诗经》；修辞；词语训释；明修辞以求词义 第 i 页 ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT The book of songs is a wonderful work of classical literature, has its unique language skills and performance art. Since ancient times, it’s difficult to explain, and in addition to the language barriers of the times, the lack of ancient rhetorical theory, and ignored the impact of rhetorical activities on the words is also an important reason. Note the person for the book of songs by unknown poet rhetoric of intentions, will inevitably lead to misuse training words, distorted the original intent of the poetry. According to this issue, it grounds the relationship between rhetoric and Exegesis of songs. the text-based materials, a clear approach is advanced to make a distinction between two rhetoric —Eagerness and Metaphor. The words in the context of rhetoric, is a combination or aggregation connection with each other which judgments based on for the two rhetoric—Changing words and Intricate Sentence, discusses the fundamental nature of word formation about variant tautology . So, they can complement the rhetorical theories of songs. Study the basic way of the words commentaries by the Rhetoric Interpretation, integrate exegesis and rhetoric. For example, explain the reason for the use