微量润滑条件下铣削速度对油雾浓度影响分析.docVIP

微量润滑条件下铣削速度对油雾浓度影响分析 　　摘要：微量润滑（Minimum quantity lubrication，MQL）切削是现代机加工领域一种先进的准干式切削技术，但微量润滑切削过程中产生的切削油雾仍会影响切削现场的环境空气质量，危害切削场所人员的健康。应用重量分析法对切削现场油雾浓度进行检测，分析了润滑油用量、供气压力、喷射靶距、射流温度等不同微量润滑系统参数下铣削速度对切削现场油雾浓度的影响规律。研究结果表明，随着铣削速度的增大，油雾颗粒与高转速刀具发生激烈碰撞形成二次雾化，造成切削现场油雾浓度PM10与PM2.5均相应增大，但微量润滑系统参数不同，PM10与PM2.5随铣削速度的变化规律亦不相同。 　　关键词：微量润滑；铣削速度；油雾浓度；环境空气质量 　　中图分类号：TG502 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1005-2615（2015）03-0440-06 　　Effect of Milling Speed on Oil Mist Concentration in Minimum Quantity Lubrication 　　Zhao Wei，Chen Chong，He Ning，Li Liang，Ren Fei，Liang Xinguang 　　Abstract：Minimum quantity lubrication （MQL） has been accepted as a successful semi-dry application because of its satisfactory performance in practical machining operations. However， the oil mist generated from MQL machining process has a direct impact on the ambient air quality， and then does harm to those who permanently work in this environment. Using the weighing method， the oil mist concentration in machining workshop is measured. The effect of milling speed on the oil mist concentration under different MQL system parameters such as oil flow rate， air pressure， spray distance to target and jet temperature， is analyzed. The research results show that， the oil mist concentration PM10 and PM2.5 in machining workshop will increase with the increase of milling speed due to the secondary atomization， which results from the fierce collision between oil mist particles generated from MQL system and cutting tool with high rotation speeds. But the varying patterns of oil mist concentration PM10 and PM2.5 are changing with the increase of milling speed at different MQL system parameters. 　　Key words： minimum quantity lubrication； milling speed； oil mist concentration； ambient air quality 　　微量润滑以其良好的冷却、润滑、排屑以及低污染等综合性能而受到了工业界的普遍关注，是高速、高性能切削采用的主要冷却润滑方式之一[1]。目前国内外对微量润滑切削技术的研究涵盖了钻削、铣削、车削、磨削和锯切等多种切削工艺[2]。大量的研究表明，针对淬硬钢、高温合金、钛合金以及不锈钢等难加工材料的高速切削，与干式切削和湿式切削相比，微量润滑能够表现出更优良的冷却润滑性能[3-8]。然而，一直以来人们普遍关注微量润滑替代切削液之后所带来的冷却、润滑、排屑等综合性能，却常常忽略切削油雾所带来的环境空气质量