耳蜗核-国立台南大学.PPTVIP

Ayo 教材 (動物行為學 2010) 生理分析(一)神經系統(Physiological analysis)─動物行為學 (Ethology) 鄭先祐(Ayo) 國立 臺南大學 環境與生態學院 生態科學與技術學系 教授 Part 1. 動物行為的研究途徑 (個體行為) 歷史背景 (History of the Study of Animal Behavior ). 基因分析 (Genetic Analysis of Behavior ). 天擇 (Natural Selection and Behavior ). 學習與認知 (Learning and Cognition.) 生理分析 (Physiological Analysis) (一) 神經細胞 (Nerve Cells and Behavior ). (二) 內分泌系統 (The Endocrine System). 發育(The Development of Behavior ). 6a 生理分析 (一) 神經系統 Concepts from cellular neurobiology Synaptic transmission Specializations for perception of biologically relevant stimuli– sensory processing Processing in the Central nervous system Responding– motor system Binaural comparison of phase. Animal echolocation The relationship of sound pulses from a hunting bat and an auditory neural firing in the hunted moth. (a) when a hunting bat, emitting its high-pitched sound (b) when the bat is behind the moth (c) when the bat is above the moth 耳蝸核 (cochlear nucleus) 耳蝸核（英文：cochlear nucleus, 複數：cochlear nuclei）是腦幹的一個神經核團。它是聽覺通路的組成部分，是聽覺中樞最底層的核團。 耳蝸核左右各一，軸對稱分布於臨近延髓和腦橋的交界面的側部，毗鄰小腦，在腦解剖上屬於延髓的一部分。 Auditory neurons in the midbrain area (the inferior colliculus) (下視丘) of a barn owl. The top figure shows a hemisphere of space in front of the owl’s head. The lower figure indicates the manner in which the auditory space of the owl is represented in the inferior colliculus (下視丘). Memories Short-term memories: retrieved for minutes, hours, or a day Intermediate-term memories last for a day or so Long-term memories last for weeks, months, or years. Neural circuitry for habituation and sensitization of the gill-withdrawal reflex in Aplysia. A rapid train of stimuli enhances the responsiveness of the postsynaptic cell. This phenomenon, called long-term potentiation, is induced by learning and underlie memory formation. The addition of new neurons to one of the song control center (HVC) of male zebra finches changes during the course of song learning. Adult neutogenesis is involv