重载列车拨车机系统动态仿真及动力参数研究-research on dynamic simulation and dynamic parameters of car puller system for heavy haul train.docx

万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 本文旨在参考现有的比较成熟的动力学分析方法及车辆计算理论，主 要是机械系统振动理论、刚体动力学理论以及车辆-轨道耦合动力学，建立 重载列车仿真及拨车机系统牵引过程的动态模型，给出详细的求解方法。 对拨车机承受载荷、功率校核分析，并对其关键部件进行有限元分析，为 拨车机系统参数选择提供参考。 首先在参考大量国内外相关资料数据的基础上，进行了牵引超长货车 车列运行的阻力分析，包括基本阻力和附加阻力分析。对基本阻力分析部 分着重分析了轮轨之间的摩擦阻力和轮对的轴承摩擦。附加阻力分析包括 坡道附加阻力分析、曲线附加阻力分析和空气附加阻力分析，并在现有理 论基础上，给出了超长重载货车牵引的动力学模型，输入相关入口参数， 进行模型处理，然后将转化之后的数学模型用 MATLAB 语言进行编程计算， 输出牵引时的相对位移曲线。 其次输入车辆参数，定义约束载荷，利用三维软件 Pro/E 实体建模并模 拟仿真，输出加速度曲线。用 Visual Basic 编程计算，求解基本阻力，进而 求解拨车臂所需的最大动态反力。对重载列车纵向冲动进行分析，研究其 对列车稳定性影响及产生机理，并对冲击波特性进行剖析，从而找到列车 纵向作用力产生的根本原因。 最后根据仿真结果，输入相关参数，对拨车机载荷、功率进行分析校 核，并对功率匹配进行讨论，寻求电机功率及结构等参数的最优解，进而 为拨车机的参数选择提供理论依据。针对拨车机工作过程中承载复杂的构 件进行载荷分析，并利用 ANSYS 软件进行有限元分析。 关键词 拨车机；动力学模型；动态分析；牵引力；运行阻力；缓冲器动态 特性；仿真 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to deduce a dynamical system simulation model for traction vehicle using some mature theories such as dynamical analytical method and vehicle calculated theory which contains the mechanical system vibration theory, the rigid-body dynamics theory and the wheel-track coupling dynamics, and the detailed solving method is given.Receive load and power check up analytical for train tractor, and finity element analysis for key parts. All these above offer a reference for the parameter selection. Firstly, the resistance analysis of lengthy heavy freight car which contains the basic resistance and the odditional resistance is given in the light of many coherent data domestic and abroad. Datum drag analysis contains the wheel-track friction drag and the bearing drag. Odditional resistance analysis comprises the ramp-way additional resistance, the curve resistance and the air friction. And Dynamical system simulation model for traction vehicle of lengthy heavy freight car is then given based on the theory present. Then the correlative portal parameter is input, the model is processed and changed to a mathematical model, the opposite displacement curve can be get after using MATLAB to programming. Secondly, we input voiture parameter and define res