施肥量对烤烟产量和上部烟叶质量影响.docVIP

施肥量对烤烟产量和上部烟叶质量影响 　　摘要：采用田间试验方法比较了不同施肥量（施氮量分别为90.0、97.5和105.0 kg/hm2，氮磷钾比例为1∶1.5∶3.5）处理对烟叶产量、质量的影响。结果表明，处理3（施氮量105.0 kg/hm2）的烟叶产量分别比处理1（施氮量90.0 kg/hm2）和处理2（施氮量97.5 kg/hm2）增加了11.63%和6.05%，处理2的产值最高，分别比处理1和处理3增加了6.76%和0.87%。处理2的上等烟率、上中等烟率和上部烟叶上等烟率分别达到了48.59%、91.49%和60.49%。随着施肥量的增加，烤烟单叶重、烟梗重以及烟叶还原糖、烟碱、总氮、钾的含量呈现出逐渐增加的趋势，以处理2的烟叶总糖含量最高，而氯的含量则最低。总之，针对利川市烟区而言，纯氮磷钾用量为97.5、146.25、341.25 kg/hm2时，能够获得较高的产量、质量和经济效益。 　　关键词：烤烟；施肥；上部烟叶；物理性状；产量；质量 　　中图分类号：S572.2：S5-33 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2018）04-0090-03 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.04.023 　　Effect of Different Fertilizer Application on the Yield and Upper Leaves Quantity of Flue Cured Tobacco 　　SHI Chao，DING Jing-zhi，SHANG-GUAN Li，YU Feng-min，ZHANG Xiao-xi，GAO Yan-bo 　　（Lichuan Branch Company，Enshi Tobacco Company，Lichuan 445400，Hubei，China） 　　Abstracts： The field experiment were carried out to study the effect of different fertilizer application （the quantity of nitrogen was 90.0， 97.5， 105.0 kg/hm2； the ratio of nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium was 1∶1.5∶3.5） on the yield and upper leaves quantity of flue cured tobacco. The results list as follow： compared with treatment 1（N 90.0 kg/hm2） and treatment 2（N 97.5 kg/hm2）， the yield of flue cured tobacco of treatment 3（N 105.0 kg/hm2） was increased by 11.63% and 6.05%. And the production value of treatment 2 increased by 6.76% and 0.87% compared with treatment 1 and treatment 3， respectively. The superior rate， medium-superior rate and superior rate of upper tobacco of treatment 2 were 48.59%， 91.49% and 60.49%， respectively. With the increase of fertilizer application， single leave weight， stem weight， content of reducing sugar， nicotine， total nitrogen and potassium of flue cured tobacco showed a gradually increasing trend； among which total sugar content of treatment 2 was the highest， while chlorine content was the lowest. In conclusion， when the nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application were 97.5， 146.25， 341.25 kg/hm2 in Lichuan city， hig