爪鲵端脑胚后发育组织学研究.docVIP

爪鲵端脑胚后发育组织学研究 　　摘 要 为探讨爪鲵端脑胚后发育的特征，及其在系统进化中的地位，采用脊椎动物神经标本制作技术和HE染色方法，对爪鲵胚后6个年龄组端脑的形态学与组织学进行研究.发现爪鲵端脑由嗅球和大脑半球组成，从幼体Ⅰ龄开始，爪鲵已具备了和成体端脑相似的结构.随发育的进行，爪鲵的端脑长和整个脑长都是逐渐增加的，端脑占整个脑的比例逐步加大.爪鲵的原始大脑皮质不发达，与原始海马和原始梨状区之间的界限不明显；原始海马是爪鲵大脑半球中最发达的结构，发育至Ⅱ龄时，出现内侧界沟将其与隔区分开；外侧界沟在Ⅰ龄时就将原始梨状区和纹状体分开，但发育至Ⅲ龄时，外侧界沟变得不明显，纹状体突增大.而东北小鲵没有明显的外侧界沟，这表明爪鲵的大脑半球虽然比较原始，但高于同类的东北小鲵.但与其他两栖动物相比，爪鲵的端脑结构还较为原始，在两栖类中属于较低等的类群. 　　关键词 爪鲵；端脑；胚后发育；组织学 　　中图分类号 Q959.5 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1000-2537（2016）03-0018-04 　　Abstract Objective： The characteristics of postembryonic development of the telencephalon in the salamander Onychodactylus fischeri and its status in the evolution was discussed. Methods： The morphological and histological investigation on telencephalon of Onychodactylus fischeri at six age groups were conducted using the vertebrate neural specimen making technology and HE-staining. Results： The telencephalon of Onychodactylus fischeri consists of an olfactory bulb and cerebral hemisphere， from the GroupⅠ. It has a similar structure with the adult. With the development of the telencephalon， the whole length of brain and the length of telencephalon are gradually increased， and the proportion of the length of telencephalon in the whole length of brain increases gradually as well. The primordial cerebral cortex of the Onychodactylus fischeri is not developed， and the boundaries with primordial hippocampus and primordial piriform regions are not visible. The primordial hippocampus is the most developed structure in the cerebral hemisphere of the Onychodactylus fischeri to the development of Group Ⅱ， and the medial limit sulcus appeared and separated it from the septal area. In the Group I， the primordial piriform region and striatum were separated by the lateral limit sulcus， but for the development to the Group Ⅲ， the lateral limit sulcus was not obvious as striatal complex projections were increased. While the Hynobius leechii does not have a clear lateral limit sulcus， which indicates that although the telencephalon